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Anatomy > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q
A

Frontal Sinus

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2
Q
A

Ethmoidal Sinus

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3
Q
A

Sphenoidal Sinus

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4
Q
A

Maxillary Sinus

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5
Q
A

Pharyngeal tonsil

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6
Q
A

Palatine tonsil

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7
Q
A

Lingual tonsil

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8
Q
A

Rima glottidis

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9
Q
A

Vocal folds

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10
Q

Respiratory pathway from external air to trachea

A

Nares -> Vestibule -> Nasal Cavity -> Nasopharynx -> Oropharynx -> Laryngopharynx -> Larynx -> Trachea

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11
Q

Respiratory pathway from trachea to alveolar sacs

A

Trachea -> Primary Bronchi -> Secondary bronchi -> Tertiary bronchi -> Bronchioles -> Terminal bronchioles -> Alveolar Ducts -> Alveolar sacs

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12
Q

What part of the conducting pathway of the respiratory system has no cartilage and only smooth muscle?

A

Bronchioles

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13
Q

What is the final segment of the conducting pathway?

A

Terminal bronchioles

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14
Q

What part of the conducting pathway can perform respiration in some cases?

A

Respiratory bronchioles which are just bronchioles with an alveolus

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15
Q

What are alveolar type 1 cells?

A

Simple squamous epithelia specialized for rapid diffusion

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16
Q

What are alveolar type 2 cells?

A

Alveolar cells that produce surfactin

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17
Q

What is the purpose of surfactin?

A

Prevents the lungs from collapsing

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18
Q

What is eupnea?

A

relaxed or resting breathing

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19
Q

What is hyperpnea?

A

Forced breathing

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20
Q
A

A) Inspiratory Reserve Volume
B) Tidal Volume
C) Expiratory Reserve Volume
D) Residual Volume

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21
Q
A

A) Inspiratory Capacity
B) Vital Capacity
C) Functional Residual Capacity
D) Total Lung Capacity

22
Q

Tidal volume + Inspiratory Reserve volume = ?

A

Inspiratory capacity

23
Q

Expiratory reserve + Residual volume = ?

A

Functional Residual capacity

24
Q

Expiratory reserve + Tidal Volume + Inspiratory reserve = ?

A

Vital Capacity

25
What is a common cold called
Upper respiratory tract infection
26
What is pneumonia?
Fluid build up in alveoli. Can be bacterial or viral. potentially fatal
27
What is bronchitis?
Heavy mucous discharge and persistent cough caused by viral or bacterial infection
28
What happens during an asthma attack?
Bronchoconstriction, inflammation, and mucous secretion make breathing difficult
29
What is emphysema?
Alveoli becoming brittle and rupturing
30
What is pulmonary fibrosis?
Formation of fibrous connective tissue in the lungs making them stiffer and less efficient
31
Digestive pathway from oral cavity to esophagus
Oral cavity -> oropharynx -> laryngopharynx -> superior esophageal sphincter -> esophagus
32
Digestive pathway from esophagus to duodenum
esophagus -> lower esophageal sphincter -> stomach -> pyloric sphincter -> duodenum
33
Digestive pathway from duodenum to right colic flexure
duodenum -> jejunum -> ileum -> ileocecal valve -> cecum -> ascending colon -> right colic flexure
34
Digestive pathway from right colic flexure to anus
right colic flexure -> transverse colon -> left colic flexure -> descending colon -> sigmoid colon -> rectum -> anal canal -> anus
35
nephron pathway from afferent arteriole to loop of Henley
afferent arteriole -> glomerulus -> bowmen capsule -> proximal convoluted tubule -> loop of Henley
36
nephron pathway from loop of Henley to renal pelvis
distal convoluted tubule -> collecting tubule -> collecting ducts -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis
37
Urinary pathway kidney to urethra
kidney -> ureters -> urinary bladder -> urethra
38
Ovum pathway
ovary -> fallopian tubes -> uterus -> vagina
39
Sperm pathway
testes -> epididymis -> ductus deferens -> seminal vesicle -> ejaculatory duct -> urethra
40
What is the fibrous capsule wrt the kidneys?
Dense irregular CT covering the outer surface of kidney
41
What is perinephric fat?
adipose tissue cushioning the kidneys
42
What is renal fascia?
Dense irregular CT that anchors kidney to posterior abdominal wall
43
What is paranephric fat?
adipose tissue located between renal fascia and peritoneum
44
What are the three steps of urine production?
Filtration Reabsorption Secretion
45
What is the name for the vessels srurounding the loop of henley?
Peritubular capillaries
46
What is a juxtamedullary nephron?
A nephron who's corpuscle lies near the corticomedullary junction
47
3 urethral segments in males
prostatic urethra membranous urethra spongy urethra
48
What is micturition?
expulsion of urine from the bladder
49
What are the three regions of the uterine tube?
Infundibulum (includes fimbriae) Ampulla Isthmus
50
What are the uterine layers?
Perimetrium Myometrium Endometrium (basal layer, functional layer)
51
What is the prepuce?
The hood of the clitoris

Anatomy (18 decks)

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