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Anatomy > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q
A

Frontal Sinus

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2
Q
A

Ethmoidal Sinus

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3
Q
A

Sphenoidal Sinus

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4
Q
A

Maxillary Sinus

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5
Q
A

Pharyngeal tonsil

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6
Q
A

Palatine tonsil

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7
Q
A

Lingual tonsil

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8
Q
A

Rima glottidis

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9
Q
A

Vocal folds

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10
Q

Respiratory pathway from external air to trachea

A

Nares -> Vestibule -> Nasal Cavity -> Nasopharynx -> Oropharynx -> Laryngopharynx -> Larynx -> Trachea

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11
Q

Respiratory pathway from trachea to alveolar sacs

A

Trachea -> Primary Bronchi -> Secondary bronchi -> Tertiary bronchi -> Bronchioles -> Terminal bronchioles -> Alveolar Ducts -> Alveolar sacs

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12
Q

What part of the conducting pathway of the respiratory system has no cartilage and only smooth muscle?

A

Bronchioles

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13
Q

What is the final segment of the conducting pathway?

A

Terminal bronchioles

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14
Q

What part of the conducting pathway can perform respiration in some cases?

A

Respiratory bronchioles which are just bronchioles with an alveolus

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15
Q

What are alveolar type 1 cells?

A

Simple squamous epithelia specialized for rapid diffusion

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16
Q

What are alveolar type 2 cells?

A

Alveolar cells that produce surfactin

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17
Q

What is the purpose of surfactin?

A

Prevents the lungs from collapsing

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18
Q

What is eupnea?

A

relaxed or resting breathing

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19
Q

What is hyperpnea?

A

Forced breathing

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20
Q
A

A) Inspiratory Reserve Volume
B) Tidal Volume
C) Expiratory Reserve Volume
D) Residual Volume

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21
Q
A

A) Inspiratory Capacity
B) Vital Capacity
C) Functional Residual Capacity
D) Total Lung Capacity

22
Q

Tidal volume + Inspiratory Reserve volume = ?

A

Inspiratory capacity

23
Q

Expiratory reserve + Residual volume = ?

A

Functional Residual capacity

24
Q

Expiratory reserve + Tidal Volume + Inspiratory reserve = ?

A

Vital Capacity

25
Q

What is a common cold called

A

Upper respiratory tract infection

26
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Fluid build up in alveoli. Can be bacterial or viral. potentially fatal

27
Q

What is bronchitis?

A

Heavy mucous discharge and persistent cough caused by viral or bacterial infection

28
Q

What happens during an asthma attack?

A

Bronchoconstriction, inflammation, and mucous secretion make breathing difficult

29
Q

What is emphysema?

A

Alveoli becoming brittle and rupturing

30
Q

What is pulmonary fibrosis?

A

Formation of fibrous connective tissue in the lungs making them stiffer and less efficient

31
Q

Digestive pathway from oral cavity to esophagus

A

Oral cavity -> oropharynx -> laryngopharynx -> superior esophageal sphincter -> esophagus

32
Q

Digestive pathway from esophagus to duodenum

A

esophagus -> lower esophageal sphincter -> stomach -> pyloric sphincter -> duodenum

33
Q

Digestive pathway from duodenum to right colic flexure

A

duodenum -> jejunum -> ileum -> ileocecal valve -> cecum -> ascending colon -> right colic flexure

34
Q

Digestive pathway from right colic flexure to anus

A

right colic flexure -> transverse colon -> left colic flexure -> descending colon -> sigmoid colon -> rectum -> anal canal -> anus

35
Q

nephron pathway from afferent arteriole to loop of Henley

A

afferent arteriole -> glomerulus -> bowmen capsule -> proximal convoluted tubule -> loop of Henley

36
Q

nephron pathway from loop of Henley to renal pelvis

A

distal convoluted tubule -> collecting tubule -> collecting ducts -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis

37
Q

Urinary pathway kidney to urethra

A

kidney -> ureters -> urinary bladder -> urethra

38
Q

Ovum pathway

A

ovary -> fallopian tubes -> uterus -> vagina

39
Q

Sperm pathway

A

testes -> epididymis -> ductus deferens -> seminal vesicle -> ejaculatory duct -> urethra

40
Q

What is the fibrous capsule wrt the kidneys?

A

Dense irregular CT covering the outer surface of kidney

41
Q

What is perinephric fat?

A

adipose tissue cushioning the kidneys

42
Q

What is renal fascia?

A

Dense irregular CT that anchors kidney to posterior abdominal wall

43
Q

What is paranephric fat?

A

adipose tissue located between renal fascia and peritoneum

44
Q

What are the three steps of urine production?

A

Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion

45
Q

What is the name for the vessels srurounding the loop of henley?

A

Peritubular capillaries

46
Q

What is a juxtamedullary nephron?

A

A nephron who’s corpuscle lies near the corticomedullary junction

47
Q

3 urethral segments in males

A

prostatic urethra
membranous urethra
spongy urethra

48
Q

What is micturition?

A

expulsion of urine from the bladder

49
Q

What are the three regions of the uterine tube?

A

Infundibulum (includes fimbriae)
Ampulla
Isthmus

50
Q

What are the uterine layers?

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium (basal layer, functional layer)

51
Q

What is the prepuce?

A

The hood of the clitoris

Anatomy (18 decks)

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