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Anatomy > Ch 19 A - Senses Receptors, Gustation, and Olfaction > Flashcards

Ch 19 A - Senses Receptors, Gustation, and Olfaction Flashcards

1
Q

Define sensation

A

Conscious awareness of the stimuli

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2
Q

Define general senses

A

Senses not localized in the head

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3
Q

Define special senses

A

Senses localized in the head

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4
Q

What are the 5 general modalities of sensory receptors?

A

Chemoreceptors
Thermoreceptors
Photoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Nociceptors

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5
Q

Define phantom pain

A

Sensations associated with a part of the body that has been removed

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6
Q

Define referred pain

A

pain perceived as originating from the skin but originates from certain visceral organs.

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7
Q

What are papillae?

A

Tissue elevations on the tongue containing taste buds

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8
Q

What is the gustatory pathway?

A

Gustatory cells -> CN 9 and 7 -> insular cortex

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9
Q

What is the olfactory pathway?

A

Olfactory neurons -> olfactory bulb -> olfactory tract -> temporal lobe

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10
Q

What is the medial canthus

A

The medial joining of the eyelids

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11
Q

What is the lateral canthus

A

The lateral joining of the eyelids

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12
Q

What is the lacrimal caruncel?

A

The pink fleshy region near the medial canthus

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13
Q

What is the conjunctiva?

A

A lining of the eyelids and anterior sclera.

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14
Q

What is lacrimal fluid?

A

Tears

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15
Q

What is the lacrimal apparatus?

A

The structures that produce collect and drain tears

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16
Q

What is the lacrimal pathway?

A

Lacrimal gland -> lacrimal canaliculi -> Lacrimal sac -> Nasolacrimal duct

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17
Q

What does the lacrimal gland do?

A

Produces tears

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18
Q

What does the lacramal canaliculi do?

A

drain excess tears

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19
Q

What does the lacrimal sac do?

A

Collects drained tears

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20
Q

What does the nasolacrimal duct do?

A

Drain tears from lacrimal sac to nasal cavity

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21
Q

Where is the anterior cavity of the eye located?

A

Between the lens and cornea

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22
Q

What is the fluid of the anterior cavity?

A

Aqueous humor

23
Q

Where is the posterior cavity of the eye located?

A

Behind the lens and deep to the retina

24
Q

What is the fluid of the posterior cavity of the eye?

A

Vitreous humor

25
Q

Which eye fluid is permanent?

A

Vitreous humor

26
Q

Which eye fluid is circulating?

A

Aqueous humor

27
Q

What are the three eye wall layres?

A

fibrous tunic
vascular tunic
retina

28
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

Buildup of aqueous humor in anterior cavity increases pressure within posterior cavity and can damage the eye.

29
Q

What are the regions of the fibrous tunic?

A

Cornea
Sclera

30
Q

What are the regions of the vascular tunic?

A

Choroid
Ciliary body
Iris + pupil

31
Q

What does the choroid layer contain?

A

Capillary network

32
Q

What muscle dilate the pupil?

A

Radial dilator pupillae

33
Q

What muscles constrict the pupil?

A

Circular sphincter pupillae

34
Q

What are the muscles called that control the size of the pupil?

A

Pupillae

35
Q

What are the layers of the retina from superficial to deep (with the outer eye being superficial)?

A

Pigmented layer
Neural layer

36
Q

What is the blind spot on the retina?

A

The optic disk

37
Q

What is the fovea centralis

A

A depression in the retina containing the highest proportion of cones and almost no rods

38
Q

Where is the macula lutea?

A

The area surrounding the optic disk

39
Q

What is strabisimus

A

Strength imbalances in the muscles that move the eyes

40
Q

What is the visual pathway?

A

cornea -> anterior cavity -> lens -> posterior cavity-> photoreceptors -> optic nerve -> optic chiasm-> optic tract -> optic radiation -> occipital lobe

41
Q

What is the visual pathway within the eye?

A

cornea -> anterior cavity -> lens -> posterior cavity-> photoreceptors

42
Q

What is the visual pathway after the eye?

A

optic nerve -> optic chiasm-> optic tract -> optic radiation -> occipital lobe

43
Q

What connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx?

A

The auditory tube

44
Q

What senses linear acceleration?

A

The utricle and saccule

45
Q

What detects angular acceleration?

A

Semicircular ducts

46
Q

What are the structures within the utricle and sacule containing haircells?

A

Maculae

47
Q

What is the gelatinous mass that tips of maculae hair cells are embedded within?

A

Otolithic membrane

48
Q

What are the dense granules withing the otolithic membrane?

A

Otoliths

49
Q

What are the expanded regions within the semicircular canals called?

A

Ampulla

50
Q

What is the elevated region of an ampulla covered by an epithelium of hair cells called?

A

Crista ampullaris

51
Q

What is the dome the hair cells of the crista ampullaris are embedded in?

A

cupula

52
Q

What duct is filled with endolymph?

A

cochlear duct

53
Q

What ducts contain perilymph

A

scala vestibuli
scala tympani

Anatomy (18 decks)

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