Ch 19 A - Senses Receptors, Gustation, and Olfaction

Question 1

Define sensation

Answer 1

Conscious awareness of the stimuli

Question 2

Define general senses

Answer 2

Senses not localized in the head

Question 3

Define special senses

Answer 3

Senses localized in the head

Question 4

What are the 5 general modalities of sensory receptors?

Answer 4

Chemoreceptors
Thermoreceptors
Photoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors
Nociceptors

Question 5

Define phantom pain

Answer 5

Sensations associated with a part of the body that has been removed

Question 6

Define referred pain

Answer 6

pain perceived as originating from the skin but originates from certain visceral organs.

Question 7

What are papillae?

Answer 7

Tissue elevations on the tongue containing taste buds

Question 8

What is the gustatory pathway?

Answer 8

Gustatory cells -> CN 9 and 7 -> insular cortex

Question 9

What is the olfactory pathway?

Answer 9

Olfactory neurons -> olfactory bulb -> olfactory tract -> temporal lobe

Question 10

What is the medial canthus

Answer 10

The medial joining of the eyelids

Question 11

What is the lateral canthus

Answer 11

The lateral joining of the eyelids

Question 12

What is the lacrimal caruncel?

Answer 12

The pink fleshy region near the medial canthus

Question 13

What is the conjunctiva?

Answer 13

A lining of the eyelids and anterior sclera.

Question 14

What is lacrimal fluid?

Answer 14

Tears

Question 15

What is the lacrimal apparatus?

Answer 15

The structures that produce collect and drain tears

Question 16

What is the lacrimal pathway?

Answer 16

Lacrimal gland -> lacrimal canaliculi -> Lacrimal sac -> Nasolacrimal duct

Question 17

What does the lacrimal gland do?

Answer 17

Produces tears

Question 18

What does the lacramal canaliculi do?

Answer 18

drain excess tears

Question 19

What does the lacrimal sac do?

Answer 19

Collects drained tears

Question 20

What does the nasolacrimal duct do?

Answer 20

Drain tears from lacrimal sac to nasal cavity

Question 21

Where is the anterior cavity of the eye located?

Answer 21

Between the lens and cornea

Question 22

What is the fluid of the anterior cavity?

Answer 22

Aqueous humor

Question 23

Where is the posterior cavity of the eye located?

Answer 23

Behind the lens and deep to the retina

Question 24

What is the fluid of the posterior cavity of the eye?

Answer 24

Vitreous humor

Question 25

Which eye fluid is permanent?

Answer 25

Vitreous humor

Question 26

Which eye fluid is circulating?

Answer 26

Aqueous humor

Question 27

What are the three eye wall layres?

Answer 27

fibrous tunic vascular tunic retina

Question 28

What is glaucoma?

Answer 28

Buildup of aqueous humor in anterior cavity increases pressure within posterior cavity and can damage the eye.

Question 29

What are the regions of the fibrous tunic?

Answer 29

Cornea Sclera

Question 30

What are the regions of the vascular tunic?

Answer 30

Choroid Ciliary body Iris + pupil

Question 31

What does the choroid layer contain?

Answer 31

Capillary network

Question 32

What muscle dilate the pupil?

Answer 32

Radial dilator pupillae

Question 33

What muscles constrict the pupil?

Answer 33

Circular sphincter pupillae

Question 34

What are the muscles called that control the size of the pupil?

Answer 34

Pupillae

Question 35

What are the layers of the retina from superficial to deep (with the outer eye being superficial)?

Answer 35

Pigmented layer Neural layer

Question 36

What is the blind spot on the retina?

Answer 36

The optic disk

Question 37

What is the fovea centralis

Answer 37

A depression in the retina containing the highest proportion of cones and almost no rods

Question 38

Where is the macula lutea?

Answer 38

The area surrounding the optic disk

Question 39

What is strabisimus

Answer 39

Strength imbalances in the muscles that move the eyes

Question 40

What is the visual pathway?

Answer 40

cornea -> anterior cavity -> lens -> posterior cavity-> photoreceptors -> optic nerve -> optic chiasm-> optic tract -> optic radiation -> occipital lobe

Question 41

What is the visual pathway within the eye?

Answer 41

cornea -> anterior cavity -> lens -> posterior cavity-> photoreceptors

Question 42

What is the visual pathway after the eye?

Answer 42

optic nerve -> optic chiasm-> optic tract -> optic radiation -> occipital lobe

Question 43

What connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx?

Answer 43

The auditory tube

Question 44

What senses linear acceleration?

Answer 44

The utricle and saccule

Question 45

What detects angular acceleration?

Answer 45

Semicircular ducts

Question 46

What are the structures within the utricle and sacule containing haircells?

Answer 46

Maculae

Question 47

What is the gelatinous mass that tips of maculae hair cells are embedded within?

Answer 47

Otolithic membrane

Question 48

What are the dense granules withing the otolithic membrane?

Answer 48

Otoliths

Question 49

What are the expanded regions within the semicircular canals called?

Answer 49

Ampulla

Question 50

What is the elevated region of an ampulla covered by an epithelium of hair cells called?

Answer 50

Crista ampullaris

Question 51

What is the dome the hair cells of the crista ampullaris are embedded in?

Answer 51

cupula

Question 52

What duct is filled with endolymph?

Answer 52

cochlear duct

Question 53

What ducts contain perilymph

Answer 53

scala vestibuli scala tympani