FINAL 02 - Reactions and Synthesis of Alkenes Flashcards
States that addition of HX across a carbon-carbon multiple bond proceeds in such a way that the proton adds to the less substituted carbon atom
Markovnikov’s rule
Electrophilic addition of Hg2_ to alkene on reaction with mercury (II) acetate in aqueous THF solvent
Oxymercuration
Treatment of intermediate organomercury compound with sodium borohydride
Demercuration
Addition of a B-H bond of borane, BH3, to an alkene to yield an organoborane intermediate, RBH2
Hydroboration
Involves the addition of Br2 that acts as a simple and rapid laboratory test for unsaturation
Bromine test
The addition of HOX forms __________
Halohydrins (halo-alcohols)
Increases electron density on carbon
Reduction
Decreases electron density on carbon
Oxidation
Normally used as PtO2 (Adam’s catalyst)
Platinum
Normally used as very fine powder “supported” on an inert material such as charcoal (Pd/C)
Palladium
Does not occur in a homogenous solution but instead takes place on the surface of solid catalyst particles
Heterogenous process
Both H atoms add on the same more accessible face (less steric hindrance)
syn sterochemistry
Yields saturated fatty acids
Complete hydrogenation
Yields trans fatty acids
Incomplete hydrogenation
A large molecule built up by repetitive units of smaller molecules called monomers
Polymer