Files4 Flashcards
affix
bound morpheme that attaches to a stem
affixation
process of forming words by adding affixes to morphemes
agglutinating language
type of synthetic language in which the relationship between words in a sentence are indicated primarily by bound morphemes
allomorph
one of a set of non distinctive realizations of a particular morpheme that have the same function and are phonetically similar
alternation
difference between two or more phonetic forms that one might expect to be related
ambiguity
phenomenon by which a single linguistic form can be the form of more than one distinct linguistic expression
analytic language
type of language in which most words consist of one morpheme and sentences are composed of a sequence of these free morphemes
bound morpheme
morpheme that always attaches to another morpheme, never existing by itself
bound root
morpheme that has some associated basic meaning but that is unable to stand alone as a word in its own rigth
closed lexical category
members are fairly rigidly established and additions are made very rarely and only over long periods of time
compounding
word formation process by which words are formed through combining 2 or more independent words
conjunction
lexical category that consists of function words such as and, but, however, etc.
content morpheme
morpheme that carries semantic content
content word
word whose primary purpose is to contribute to semantic content to the phrase where it occurs
derivation
process by which an underlying form is changed as phonological rules act upon it
determiner
name of a lexical category and a synthetic category that consists of expressions such as the, a this, all, etc
form
structure or shape of any particular linguistic item from individual segments to strings of words
free morpheme
morpheme that can stand alone as a word
function morpheme
morpheme that provides information about the grammatical relationships between words in a sentence
function word
words that has little semantic content and whose primary purpose is to indicate grammatical relationships between others words in a phrase
fusional language
type pf synthetic language in which the relationships between the words in a sentence are indicated by bound morphemes that are difficult to separate from the stem
hierarchical structure
dominance relationship among morphemes in a word, or among constituents in a phrase
homophony
two or more distinct morphemes or non-phrasal linguistic expressions happen to have the same form
incorporation
morphological process by which several distinct semantic components are combined into a single word in a polysynthetic language
infix
type of bound morpheme that is inserted into the middle of the stem
inflection
form of a word is modified to indicate some grammatically relevant information such as person, number, tense, etc
input
linguistic form before the application of a rule or a set of rules
lexical category
class of words grouped together based on morphological properties
lexicon
mental repository of linguistic information about words and other lexical expressions
morpheme
smallest linguistic unit that has meaning or grammatical function
morphology
study of how words are constructed out of morphemes
open lexical category
lexical category into which new members are often introduced
output
linguistic form obtained after an application of a rule or a set of rules
partial reduplication
morphological reduplication in which only part of a morpheme is reduplicated
polysynthetic language
type of language that attaches several affixes to a stem to indicate grammatical relationships
prefix
affix that attaches to the beginning of the stem
preposition
consists of expressions such as of, in, for, what. etc
productive
describes a rule that can be applied in novel situations to produce novel grammatical forms
pronoun
consists of words such as I, she, us, etc
reduplicant
morpheme or part of a morpheme that is repeated in reduplication
root
free morpheme or bound root in a word that contributes most semantic content to the word and which affixes can attaches
simultaneous affix
affix that is articulated at the same time as some other affix or affixes in a word’s stem, only in visual gestural languages
stem
base, consisting of one or more morphemes to which some affixes are added
suffix
affix that attaches to the end of a stem
suppletion
morphological process between forms of a word wherein one form cannot be phonologically or morphologically derived from the other
