File 5

Question 1

syntax

Answer 1

component of mental grammar that deals with constructing phrasal expressions out of smaller expressions

Question 2

linguistic expressions

Answer 2

piece of language with a form, a meaning, and syntactic properties

Question 3

grammatical

Answer 3

term used to describe a sentence that is in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules of some language, especially syntactic rules

Question 4

ungrammatical

Answer 4

not in accordance with the descriptive grammatical rules of some language

Question 5

principle of compositionality

Answer 5

notion that the meaning of a phrasal expression is predicable from the meanings of the expressions it contains and how they were syntactically combined

Question 6

lexical ambiguity

Answer 6

phenomenon where a single word is the form of 2 or more distinct linguistic expressions that differ in meaning or syntactic properties

Question 7

phrase expressions

Answer 7

results from the syntactic combination of smaller expressions

Question 8

syntactic properties

Answer 8

properties of linguistic expressions that dictate how they can syntactically combine with other expressions, namely, word and co-occurrence properties

Question 9

word order

Answer 9

linear order in which words can occur in some phrasal expression

Question 10

co-occurrence

Answer 10

set of syntactic properties that determines which expressions may or have to co-occur with some other expressions in a sentence

Question 11

topicalized

Answer 11

syntactic constituent occurs at the beginning of a sentence in order to highlight the topic under discussion

Question 12

arguments

Answer 12

must occur in a sentence if some other expression occurs in that sentence as well.

Question 13

complements

Answer 13

non-subject argument of some expression

Question 14

adjunts

Answer 14

linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional; also called modifier

Question 15

modifiers

Answer 15

linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional

Question 16

agreement

Answer 16

phenomenon by which certain expressions in a sentence must be inflectionally marked for the same person, number, gender, etc.

Question 17

morphosyntax

Answer 17

name of syntax and morphology considered jointly as a single component of grammar

Question 18

syntactic constituent

Answer 18

group of linguistic expressions that function as a syntactic within some larger expression; smaller expressions out of which some larger phrasal expression was constructed in accordance with the phrase structure rules

Question 19

cleft

Answer 19

type of sentence that has the general form it is/was x that y, such as it was Sally that wanted to meet.

Question 20

conjuncts

Answer 20

an argument of a coordinating conjunction such as and or or

Question 21

syntactic categories

Answer 21

group of expressions that have very similar syntactic properties

Question 22

syntactic distribution

Answer 22

refers to the set of syntactic environments in which an expression can occur

Question 23

sentence

Answer 23

syntactic category that consists of all phrasal expressions that can grammatically occur in Sally thinks that _____

Question 24

noun phrase

Answer 24

consists of proper names, pronouns, and all the other expressions with the same syntactic distribution

Question 25

nouns

Answer 25

morphologically consists of words to which the plural suffix -s or the suffix -like can be added

Question 26

determiners

Answer 26

name of lexical or syntactic category that consists of expressions such as the, a, this, all, etc.

Question 27

adjectives

Answer 27

consists of words to which the comparative suffix -er or the suffix -ness can be added

Question 28

verb phrase

Answer 28

consists of all expressions which if combined with a noun phrase to their left result in a sentence

Question 29

intransitive verbs

Answer 29

name for the set of lexical expressions whose syntactic category is verb phrase

Question 30

transitive verbs

Answer 30

consists of those expressions that if combined with an expression of category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase

Question 31

distransive verbs

Answer 31

name of syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with 2 expressions of category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase

Question 32

sentential complement verbs

Answer 32

consists of those expressions that if combined with a sentence to their right result in a verb phrase

Question 33

adverb

Answer 33

name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as quickly, well, furiously, etc.

Question 34

VP adjuncts

Answer 34

kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category verb phrase with the resulting expression also being of category verb phrase

Question 35

n adjuncts

Answer 35

kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category noun with the resulting expression also being of category noun

Question 36

propositional phrase

Answer 36

consists of expressions that contain a preposition and a noun phrase

Question 37

preposition

Answer 37

consists of expressions such as of, in, for, with, etc.

Question 38

lexical entries

Answer 38

representation of a lexical expression and its linguistic properties within a descriptive grammer of some language

Question 39

ambiguity

Answer 39

phenomenon by which a single linguistic form can be the form of more than one distinct linguistic epxression

Question 40

homophony

Answer 40

phenomenon by which two or more distinct morphemes or non phrasal linguistic expressions happen to have the same form, i.e. sound the same