File Systems Flashcards
All information stored on a computer’s hard disk is managed, stored, and retrieved through a?
file system
- allocates locations on a disk for storage and keeps a record of where specific information is kept
- also implement recovery procedures when a disk area is damaged or when the OS goes down
file system
When a user double-clicks a file to open it, the _____ calls the file system with a request to open the file
user interface
The _____ determines exactly how the file is opened
file type
is a set of data that is grouped in some logical manner, assigned a name, and stored on the disk
a file
Data contained in files can be ?
text, images, music and sounds, video, or Web pages
OSs typically organize files in?
a hierarchy of folders or directories
metadata
information that describes the file and its contents but is not the actual data itself
low-level format
a software process that marks the location of disk tracks and sectors
tracks
like several circles around a disk; each track is divided into sections of equal size called sectors
block allocation
divides the disk into logical blocks called clusters, which correlate to sectors, heads, and tracks on the disk
The file allocation table (FAT)
uses a fixed portion of the disk to store this
data
The New Technology File System (NTFS)
use various locations on the disk to store a special type of file called the Master File
Table (MFT)
the Master File Table (MFT)
that is used for directory and file allocation information
Partitioning
the process of reserving some or all of a disk to be used by a particular file system, such as FAT or NTFS
After partitioning, the disk must be _____ in order for the OS to store files
high-level formatted
Each formatted partition is usually referred to as a?
volume
When a partition is created, information about that partition is stored in a special area of the disk known as?
the partition table or disk label
A traditional BIOS uses?
the Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning method
A primary partition can be?
formatted and assigned a drive letter
A primary partition can also be an active partition which?
which can contain boot code to start an
OS
An extended partition___?
cannot be formatted
logical drive
can then be formatted and assigned a drive letter, but cannot be active
cyclic redundancy check (CRC)
to ensure that no unauthorized changes have been made to the table
