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Cyber 100 > File Systems > Flashcards

File Systems Flashcards

1
Q

All information stored on a computer’s hard disk is managed, stored, and retrieved through a?

A

file system

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2
Q
  • allocates locations on a disk for storage and keeps a record of where specific information is kept
  • also implement recovery procedures when a disk area is damaged or when the OS goes down
A

file system

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3
Q

When a user double-clicks a file to open it, the _____ calls the file system with a request to open the file

A

user interface

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4
Q

The _____ determines exactly how the file is opened

A

file type

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5
Q

is a set of data that is grouped in some logical manner, assigned a name, and stored on the disk

A

a file

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6
Q

Data contained in files can be ?

A

text, images, music and sounds, video, or Web pages

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7
Q

OSs typically organize files in?

A

a hierarchy of folders or directories

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8
Q

metadata

A

information that describes the file and its contents but is not the actual data itself

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9
Q

low-level format

A

a software process that marks the location of disk tracks and sectors

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10
Q

tracks

A

like several circles around a disk; each track is divided into sections of equal size called sectors

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11
Q

block allocation

A

divides the disk into logical blocks called clusters, which correlate to sectors, heads, and tracks on the disk

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12
Q

The file allocation table (FAT)

A

uses a fixed portion of the disk to store this
data

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13
Q

The New Technology File System (NTFS)

A

use various locations on the disk to store a special type of file called the Master File
Table (MFT)

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14
Q

the Master File Table (MFT)

A

that is used for directory and file allocation information

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15
Q

Partitioning

A

the process of reserving some or all of a disk to be used by a particular file system, such as FAT or NTFS

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16
Q

After partitioning, the disk must be _____ in order for the OS to store files

A

high-level formatted

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17
Q

Each formatted partition is usually referred to as a?

A

volume

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18
Q

When a partition is created, information about that partition is stored in a special area of the disk known as?

A

the partition table or disk label

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19
Q

A traditional BIOS uses?

A

the Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning method

20
Q

A primary partition can be?

A

formatted and assigned a drive letter

21
Q

A primary partition can also be an active partition which?

A

which can contain boot code to start an
OS

22
Q

An extended partition___?

A

cannot be formatted

23
Q

logical drive

A

can then be formatted and assigned a drive letter, but cannot be active

24
Q

cyclic redundancy check (CRC)

A

to ensure that no unauthorized changes have been made to the table

25
Q

basic disks ?

A

use either the MBR or GPT disk partitioning scheme

  • They do not support disk spanning, disk striping, or RAID configurations
26
Q

dynamic disks

A

do not use traditional fixed partitioning schemes such as MBR and GPT

27
Q

volume mount point

A

The empty folder into which a volume is mounted

28
Q

formatting

A

the process of placing the file system on a partition

29
Q

disk cluster

A

a group of one or more sectors used to store files

30
Q

bad clusters

A

Unusable spots are marked in the FAT

31
Q

Each formatted partition on a disk is known as?

A

volume

32
Q

having multiple filenames that refer to the same file

A

hard linking

33
Q

disk quotas

A

can be used to put a hard limit on the amount of storage a user’s files can occupy

34
Q

volume mount points

A

enable you to access a volume as a folder in another volume instead of using a drive letter

35
Q

shadow copies

A

a feature where users can access previous versions of files in shared folders and restore files that have been deleted or corrupted

36
Q

the ability to keep a log or journal of file system activity

A

journaling

37
Q

hot fix

A

allows NTFS to automatically copy information from one bad area of a disk to another disk area that is not damaged

38
Q

self healing NFT

A

a utility that runs in the background to correct hard disk problems, making downtime less frequent

39
Q

CD-ROM File System (CDFS)?

A

is supported so that OSs can read and write files
to DVD/CD-ROM drives

40
Q

Universal Disk Format (UDF) is?

A

used on DVD/CD-ROMs, which in turn are
used for large file storage to accommodate movies and games

41
Q

superblock

A

contains information about the layout of blocks, sectors, and cylinder groups on the file system

42
Q

symbolic link

A

used to link a directory entry to a file that is on a different partition

43
Q

Boot blocks are followed by a volume information block, which ?

A

points to other important areas of information

44
Q

data fork

A

contains frequently changing information (such as word-processing data)

45
Q

resource fork

A

contains information that is fixed (such as a program’s icons, menu resources, and splash screens)

46
Q

container

A

a block of reserved space on a drive that contains one or more volumes

Cyber 100 (9 decks)

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