Field Sanitation - ATP 4-25.12 - Chapter 6 Flashcards
What does the DoD define pests as?
arthropods, birds, rodents, nematodes, fungi,
bacteria, viruses, algae, snails, marine borers, snakes, weeds, and other organisms that adversely affect readiness, military operations, or the well-being of
personnel and animals; attack or damage real property, supplies, equipment, or vegetation; or are otherwise
undesirable
What the common pests that Soldiers most commonly come in contact with?
Rodents and stinging and biting arthropods
How are rodents characterized?
By 2 continuously growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must be kept short by gnawing.
What is the largest rodent?
The capybara, is about four feet (120 centimeters) long and 20 inches (50 centimeters) high at
the shoulder.
How many diseases do mice and rats spread worldwide?
Over 35
What are the most commonly encountered rodents?
o Norway
o Roof rat
o House mouse
Norway rat info
Stocky burrowing, introduced into N. America by European settlers. Also called brown rat, house rat, barn rat, sewer rat, gray rat, or wharf rat. Slightly larger than roof rat. Adults weigh 1 lb, coarse fur, brownish or reddish gray above and whitish on the belly. Live near people. Tend to inhabit the lower floors. Signs include droppings (1 qtr - 1.5 in, capsule shaped, blunt ends), urine, tracks, burrows may be found next to walls, smudge marks, and gnawing on doors, ledges or other surfaces.
Roof rat info
Smaller and more slender than the Norway rat. Five to nine ounces and seven to ten inches long. Tail is longer than the head and body combined. Large ears and a pointed nose. Fur is smooth. Roof rats often live in trees or on vine-covered fences
HOUSE MOUSE
Body is small. Tail is as long as the body and head. Adult weights one half to three quarters of an ounce. Droppings are about one quarter of inch long with tapered ends. Lives in and around homes, farms, commercial establishments, open fields, and
agricultural lands.
What are some control techniques for rodents?
Survey, environmental sanitation, rodent
proofing, rodent flea control, rodent killing, and maintenance
What is a rodent survey?
It is an inspection that can be conducted by checking for droppings, rub marks, dust trails, etc.. or by using traps and gathering data.
What is the most important means of domestic rodent control?
Environmental sanitation
What does rodent proofing involve?
Structural modification to existing buildings to prevent entry.
What is the rat flea index?
The average number of fleas found per rat.
How are ectoparasites controlled?
Apply insecticidal dust to rodent burrows and nests. The rodents carry the dust into the nest.
How long does it take for anticoagulant rodenticides to kill rodents.
Five to fourteen days
What are key facts about rabies?
o It’s a viral disease
o In deployment settings, animals are not vaccinated as they are in the U.S.
o Humans can be infected
How can you prevent rabies?
o Don’t adopt a mascot/pet when deployed
o Don’t feed, approach, or handler wild animals
o Report animal exposure immediately.
Is rabies curable?
No, it can only be treated.
What are the negative interactions associated with arthropods?
Physical pain, Disease transmission, Envenomation, Myiasis, Allergic reactions, Psychological disorders, Death.
What is myiasis?
The invasion of tissue with the larvae of certain flies.
What are the methods used to manage arthropods?
Sanitation and chemical methods
The Department of Defense Insect Repellent System is made up of the following three components:
Permethrin on the uniforms.
DEET on the skin.
The proper wear of the uniform.
What is permethrin?
An insect repellent that is applied to nonfactory permethrin-treated uniforms, tentage, and insect netting to repel arthropods.
