FIA Grammar Chapter 5 Flashcards
Which parts of the mouth are the French /r/ and the English /r/ pronounced in respectively?
French - back of the mouth
English - front of the mouth
Where is the tongue when you pronounce the English /r/ versus the French /r/?
In the English /r/ the tip of the tongue is curved toward the rear of the mouth.
In the French /r/ the tip of the tongue lies against the lower teeth, and the back of the tongue is arched up against the rear of the mouth, slowing down the air and thus causing friction
How do you form ordinal numbers?
Except for premier/premiere, ordinal numbers are formed by adding -ième to the cardinal form.
When the cardinal forms ends in -e, that -e is dropped (quatre/quatrième).
Do cardinal and ordinal numbers reflect gender?
Cardinal - only the number one (un/une)
Ordinal - only 1st (premier/première)
How do you pronounce the following?
- Six and dix (if nothing follows them, if they are followed by a vowel sound, if they are followed by a consonant sound)
- Cinq and huit (if nothing follows them, if they are followed by a vowel sound, if they are followed by a consonant sound)
- Sept
- Vingt (if nothing follows it, if it is followed by a vowel sound, in numbers 22-29)
- Six and dix: if nothing /x/ pronounced as /s/, if vowel sound then the -x is linked and pronounced /z/; if consonant then the /x/ is not pronounced at all
- Cinq and huit: if nothing or followed by a vowel sound the final consonant is pronounced; if consonant then the final consonant is not pronounced
- Sept: the final -t in sept is always pronounced
- Vingt: if nothing -t is not pronouced; if followed by a vowel sound or in numbers 22-29 the -t is pronounced
Conjugation of avoir?
J’ai
Tu as
Il/elle/on a
Nous avons
Vous avez
Ils/elles ont
How do you ask someone their age?
How do you say how old you are?
You use avoir.
Quel âge as tu/avez vous?
J’ai 43 ans.
How many persons are there in the imperative?
- Second person singular
- First person plural
- Second person plural/formal
What is a verbal tense?
Tenses tell you where an action is located in the stream of time. Past, present, and future are tenses.
What is a verbal mood?
Moods tell you what the purpose of the utterence is - for example, to make a statement (indicative), to speak in generalities (infinitive), or to give a command (imperative).
Are subject pronouns used in the imperative?
No
Turn the following into the imperative mood…
Tu écoutes?
Tu vas à Paris?
Nous écoutons.
Nous allons à Paris.
Vous écoutez?
Vous allez à Paris.
For most verbs the forms of the imperative are identical to the corresponding forms of the present indicative. For verbs with an infinitive in -er, there is one small difference in terms of spelling: there is no final -s in the second person singular.
Écoute!
Va à Paris!
Écoutons!
Allons à Paris!
Écoutez!
Allez à Paris!
How do you indicate obligation or necessity?
Is this method a personal or impersonal expression?
The expression il faut plus a verb in the infinitive.
Il faut is an impersonal expression used to express necessity without specifying the person or situation that imposes that necessity.
What is the most frequent negative expression in French?
ne verb pas
- Ca ne va pas.*
- Nous n’avons pas.*
In everday speech the ne is often omitted. It is always present in writing.
What happens to the indefinite articles (un, une, des) when they are included in a negative expression?
un frère
une sœur
un enfant
des enfants
They are replaced by de or d’:
pas de frère
pas de sœur
pas d’enfant
pas d’enfants
