Fever in the returning travellor Flashcards
Typhoid fever cause
Salmonella thphi
Transmission of Typhoid
faecal oral spread
Symptoms of Typhoid
Asymptoatic period of 7-14 days
Fever
Flu like symptoms (headache, malaise, myalgia)
Cough
Signs of typhoid
Rose spots on abdomen
hepatosplenomegaaly
relative bradycardia
Diagnosis of typhoid
Travel history (area visited, food and drink, pre-travel vaccine) cultures (stool + in 30%, bloods +ve in 60-70%)
Treatment of typhoid
14 days
Quinolones – cure rate 96%
3rd generation cephalosporins – cure rate 90-95%
Azithromycin – cure rate 95%
Vaccine for typhoid
yes
70% effective
Dengue fever cause
flavivirus infection
transmission of dengue fever
Day time biting aedes mosquito
Clinical features of dengue fever
Abrupt onset of fever, rigors and headache. Fever lasts about 5 days and may recover to give a second peak
“break bown” fever - intense joint and muscle pain of the back
Maculopapular rash develops between 3-5 days (limbs then trunk)
nausea and vomitting
Diagnosis of dengue fever
Lab (FBC)
- leucopenia
- thrombocytopenia
- transaminitis
Complications of degnue fever
Usually self-limiting
Dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome
Increased vascular permeabilty, thromboycopenia, fever, bleeding
Viral haemorrhagic fever
Lassa, ebola/marburg or yellow fever
Viral haemorrhagic fever incubation period
21 days
Clnical presenation of ebola
exposure (up to 21 days)
non specific febrile illness influenza like symptoms + GI symptoms
then improvement
Haemorrhagic manifestations (petechia, mucosal surfaces)
Sepsis syndrome
Death
