Antibiotic cover Flashcards
Examples of Penicillins
- benzylpenicillin
- amoxicillin
- flucloxacillin
Benzylpenicillin cover
Streptococci and neisseria
Amoxicillin cover
Streps + Haemophillus (chest)
Flucloxacillin
Staph A and strep
Not Gram negatives
Combination anitbiotics (tazocin + co amoxiclav) cover
Co-administered with penicillin
Broadens spectrum of antibiotics
Gram negatives + staph A
Tazocin: Tazobactam + piperacillan - EVERYTHING
C0-amoxiclav: clavulanic acid + amoxicillin - not psudeomonas
Cephalosporin cover
Ceftriaxone
Good cover
- not enterococcus + psuedomonas
- Use meningitis
Carbapenems
Broad spectrum GPs + -ves
NOT MRSA
Resistant to beta lactamases
Vancomyicin cover
Gram postives only
MRSA
Antibiotics that target metabolism
Protein synthesis inhibitors
2 targets
- 50 s Ribosomal subunit
a. Macrolides
i. Erythromycin
ii. Clarithromycin
iii. Azithromycin
b. Clindamycin
c. Chloramphenicol - 30s ribosomal subunit
a. Aminoglycosides
i. Gentamicin
b. Tetracyclines
Macrolide cover
Erthyromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin
Gram positives+ respiratory gram negstives + atypicals (legionella, mycoplasma, chylamidia)
Clindamicin cover
no action against gram negative + enterococcus + atypicals
Chlorampenicol cover
BACTERIAL MENIGINTIS WITH B-;ACTAM ALLERGY
aminoglycoside cover
Gram negatives only
Tetracycline cover
-respiratory gram negatives, atypicals
Antibiotics that inhibit DNA repair and metabolsim
Quinolones – DNA gyrase
o Ciprofloxacin
o Levofloxacin
Rifampicin – RNA polymerase
