Fetal Spine Flashcards
Synonyms for Spina bifida
Spinal dysraphism
Rachischisis
Meningocele
Myelomeningocele
What causes Spina bifida?
Lack of fusion of posterior laminae
What deficiency plays role in neural tube defects?
Folic acid
Two types of Spina bifida
Ventral
Dorsal
Ventral defects are rare and are usually seen:
In lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae
Dorsal defects are the most common.
T/F
True
Types of dorsal defects
Spina bifida occulta (completely covered by skin)
Spina bifida aperta (most frequent)
Spina bifida cystica (may appear as cyst)
Meningocele
Myelomeningocele
Sono trait of Spina bifida
Posterior ossification centers splay into U or V shape
Most common region of Spina bifida to occur
Lumbar
When Spina bifida is present what else should you evaluate for?
Movement in upper and lower limbs
Chiari II malformation
Talipes equinovarus (club foot)
Scoliosis is abnormal ______________ curvature of spine.
Lateral
Kyphosis is best seen on
Coronal and posterior longitudinal views
Complete or partial agenesis of the sacrum is known as:
Caudal regression
Caudal regression may involve
Lumbar spine
Caudal regression is more common in
Infants of type 1 diabetic mothers
Associated defects with caudal regression
Genitourinary abnormalities
GI abnormalities
Cardiac abnormalities
Neural tube abnormalities
Sirenomelia is referred to as
Mermaid syndrome
Legs are fused and feet are deformed or absent in this condition
Sirenomelia
Most common associated anomalies with Sirenomelia
Facial deformities
What is a germ cell tumor arising from the presacral area?
Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
Sacrococcygeal Teratoma contains:
Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
Females are affected four times less frequently than males.
T/F
False, more frequently
Four types of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
External with minimal presacral component
External with significant intrapelvic component
Internal with abdominal extension
Internal with no external component
