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Repro > Fertilization > Flashcards

Fertilization Flashcards

1
Q

Fertilization

A

process which male and female gametes untie to form a single celled zygote

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2
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

Ampulla

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3
Q

First step in oocyte/sperm interaction

A

Oocyte matures to metaphase II after ovulation

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4
Q

Cells surrounding ovulated oocyte

A

Cumulus oophorous cells
zona pellucida
plasma membrane

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5
Q

What happens to the oocyte when sperm reaches it

A

Completes 2nd meiotic division

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6
Q

Which glycoprotein initiates the acrosome reaction?

A

ZP3

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7
Q

What is the zona pellucida made of

A

glycoproteins (ZP1, ZP2, ZP3)

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8
Q

What of the 3 zona pellucida is the most crucial

A

ZP3

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9
Q

Membrane/Vitelline block

A

changes in oocyte plasma membrane polarization prevents polyspermy

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10
Q

What happens during capacitation

A

Loss of membrane cholesterol
Increase in pH
Changes in intracellular Ca
Hyperactivation of tail

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11
Q

Where does capacitation occur

A

Isthmus of the oviduct

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12
Q

ZP3 glycoprotein

A

Sperm receptor

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13
Q

Which glycoprotein initiates the acrosome reaction?

A

ZP3

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14
Q

What happens during acrosome reaction

A

fusion of sperm plasma membrane with the outer acrosomal membrane

Release of hydrolytic enzymes: Hyluronnidase, acrosin

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15
Q

Zona block

A

cortical granules exocytosis and hardening of zona pellucida

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16
Q

What is secondary binding?

A

Sperm binds to ZP2 after acrosome reaction and allows penetration of zona

17
Q

Female pronucleus

A

The chromosomes in the fertilized ovum are surrounded by nuclear membrane

18
Q

Male pronucleus

A

Sperm head and tail separate from nucleus, paternal chromatin decondensates and a nuclear membrane is acquired

19
Q

The last step in fertilization

A

The female and male pronuclei fuse (syngamy) to form a zygote

Repro (13 decks)

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