Fertility and Contraception (Lec 6)

Question 1

Contraceptives

Answer 1

1. Hormonal: prevent ovulation, change cervical mucous, promote endometrial shedding, slow/kill sperm
2. Barrier: physical barrier between sperm and egg

Question 2

The ‘Pill’

Answer 2

Prevents ovulation (Estrogen), thins uterine lining, thickens cervical mucous (Progestin)

Question 3

Mechanism of the Pill

Answer 3

Promotes less production of LH and FSH:

• Inhibits follicle maturation
• Estrogen prevents LH surge, no ovulation
• Progesterone thins endometrial lining

Question 4

The Mini Pill

Answer 4

Contains only synthetic Progesterone, no estrogen

• Thickens cervical mucous
• May prevent ovulation
• Thins endometrial lining

Question 5

Combined Contraceptive Patch

Answer 5

Bandage-like patch that is changed weekly

- releases progesterone and estrogen into blood

Question 6

3-Month Shot

Answer 6

Long acting hormone injection given every 3-months

- constant levels of Progestin

Question 7

Intrauterine Devices (IUD’s)

Answer 7

1. Copper: interferes with sperm, fertilization, and prevents implantation
2. Hormonal: releases synthetic progestin that changes cervical mucous, reduces uterine lining, stops/slows sperm and ooctye

Question 8

Fertility Measures

Answer 8

Crude Birth Rate: number of live births occuring among a population of a given geographical area
Fertility Rate: number of children born to a woman of child-bearing age
Total Fertility Rate: number of children a women in a particular population is expected to have