Reproductive System Pathology (Lec 18)

Question 1

Endometriosis

Answer 1

Occurs when Endometrial cells are found in locations other than the Uterus
- results in tissue reacting to Progesterone and Estrogen with cyclic responses

Question 2

Endometrium of Cervix

Answer 2

• Simple columnar epithelium: mucous secreting
• Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium: covers external surface of cervix
• Transformational (transitional) zone: area between columnar and squamous cells

Question 3

Breast Cancer

Answer 3

Usually arises from epithelial cells of ducts

• Mutations in Breast Cancer Susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2)
• Detected by self-examination and mammography

Question 4

Cryptorchidism

Answer 4

Absence of one or both tests on scrotum

• greatly impacts Spermatogenesis
• testes supposed to descend ~28weeks of fetal life

Question 5

Testicular Torsion

Answer 5

Twisting of spermatic cord, causing blocked blood flow

• spontaneous or post-trauma
• requires immediate surgery

Question 6

Hydrocele

Answer 6

Fluid accumulation in cavity bound by 2 layers of Tunica Vaginalis
- often due to infection or injury

Question 7

Prostate Cancer

Answer 7

Cancer of the prostate gland

- most carcinomas are not visible grossly

Question 8

Prostate Cancer Histology

Answer 8

• Lack basal cell layer of glands, branching and papillary folding
• Glands crowded together
• Nuclei enlarged, often multi-nucleated