Femoral Triangle Flashcards
What makes up the floor of the Femoral Triangle?
Pectineus and Iliopsoas muscles
What makes up the roof of the Femoral Triangle?
Fascia lata
What are the contents of the Femoral Triangle?
Femoral Nerve + branches Femoral Artery + branches Femoral Veins + branches Femoral canal (Empty space) + deep inguinal Lymph nodes (NAVEL)
What are the borders of the Femoral Triangle?
- Base (Superior) = Inguinal ligament 2. Medial wall = Adductor Longus M. 3. Lateral wall = Sartorius
What does the Femoral sheath enclose? What does this allow?
- Encloses proximal parts of femoral vessels and femoral canal This allows femoral vessels to glide smoothly deep to inguinal ligament during hip joint movements
Where does the Femoral sheath end?
- 4-10 cm distal to the inguinal ligament (superior border!) * Continuous with loose connective tissue covering femoral vessels
What are the three compartments of the femoral sheath that are divided by vertical septa?
- Lateral (femoral artery) 2. Intermediate (femoral vein) 3. Medial/ femoral canal
What is the femoral sheath a prolongation of?
Transveralis fascia
What is the femoral canal?
short, conical component of the femoral sheath (medial)
What does the femoral canal contain? What does it allow?
- Contains lymph vessels, loose connective tissue, fat - Allows femoral vein to expand during increased venous return
What is the femoral ring?
- Medial opening of the femoral canal - Opening covered by parietal peritoneum
What occurs during a Femoral Hernia? Where does this usually occur?
- Protrusion of abdominal organs into femoral canal - Usually small loop of small intestine in femoral ring
What type of hernia is more common in males?
Inguinal hernia
What type of hernia is more common in females?
Femoral hernia (due to wider hips)
What type if inguinal hernia is more common?
Indirect inguinal hernia
Where do inguinal lymph nodes drain lymph from?
- Lower limb + gluteal region - Perineum + anal canal - Anterior abdominal wall
What are the two groups of inguinal lymph nodes?
- Superficial inguinal lymph nodes (proximal + distal) - Deep inguinal lymph nodes
Where are superficial inguinal lymph nodes found? (Proximal and distal)
Superficial fascia - Proximal group = inferior to inguinal ligament - Distal group = along each side of great saphenous V.
Where do both superficial inguinal lymph nodes go? Where do they drain into?
Pass deep to inguinal ligament, and drain into external iliac lymph nodes
Where are the deep inguinal lymph nodes located?
- Medial side of femoral vein - Inside femoral canal of femoral sheath
Where do deep inguinal lymph nodes drain into?
External iliac lymph nodes
Where does the femoral nerve first form?
In the abdomen, with psoas major
Where does the femoral nerve enter the thigh?
Lateral to the midpoint of inguinal ligament - Lateral to femoral vessels
What muscles are innervated by the Femoral N?
Anterior thigh muscles, hip and knee joints - Iliacus - Sartorius - Quadriceps femoris - Pectineus
