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MSK Test II > Femoral Triangle > Flashcards

Femoral Triangle Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the floor of the Femoral Triangle?

A

Pectineus and Iliopsoas muscles

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2
Q

What makes up the roof of the Femoral Triangle?

A

Fascia lata

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3
Q

What are the contents of the Femoral Triangle?

A

Femoral Nerve + branches Femoral Artery + branches Femoral Veins + branches Femoral canal (Empty space) + deep inguinal Lymph nodes (NAVEL)

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4
Q

What are the borders of the Femoral Triangle?

A
  1. Base (Superior) = Inguinal ligament 2. Medial wall = Adductor Longus M. 3. Lateral wall = Sartorius
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5
Q

What does the Femoral sheath enclose? What does this allow?

A
  • Encloses proximal parts of femoral vessels and femoral canal This allows femoral vessels to glide smoothly deep to inguinal ligament during hip joint movements
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6
Q

Where does the Femoral sheath end?

A
  • 4-10 cm distal to the inguinal ligament (superior border!) * Continuous with loose connective tissue covering femoral vessels
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7
Q

What are the three compartments of the femoral sheath that are divided by vertical septa?

A
  1. Lateral (femoral artery) 2. Intermediate (femoral vein) 3. Medial/ femoral canal
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8
Q

What is the femoral sheath a prolongation of?

A

Transveralis fascia

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9
Q

What is the femoral canal?

A

short, conical component of the femoral sheath (medial)

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10
Q

What does the femoral canal contain? What does it allow?

A
  • Contains lymph vessels, loose connective tissue, fat - Allows femoral vein to expand during increased venous return
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11
Q

What is the femoral ring?

A
  • Medial opening of the femoral canal - Opening covered by parietal peritoneum
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12
Q

What occurs during a Femoral Hernia? Where does this usually occur?

A
  • Protrusion of abdominal organs into femoral canal - Usually small loop of small intestine in femoral ring
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13
Q

What type of hernia is more common in males?

A

Inguinal hernia

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14
Q

What type of hernia is more common in females?

A

Femoral hernia (due to wider hips)

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15
Q

What type if inguinal hernia is more common?

A

Indirect inguinal hernia

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16
Q

Where do inguinal lymph nodes drain lymph from?

A
  • Lower limb + gluteal region - Perineum + anal canal - Anterior abdominal wall
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17
Q

What are the two groups of inguinal lymph nodes?

A
  • Superficial inguinal lymph nodes (proximal + distal) - Deep inguinal lymph nodes
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18
Q

Where are superficial inguinal lymph nodes found? (Proximal and distal)

A

Superficial fascia - Proximal group = inferior to inguinal ligament - Distal group = along each side of great saphenous V.

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19
Q

Where do both superficial inguinal lymph nodes go? Where do they drain into?

A

Pass deep to inguinal ligament, and drain into external iliac lymph nodes

20
Q

Where are the deep inguinal lymph nodes located?

A
  • Medial side of femoral vein - Inside femoral canal of femoral sheath
21
Q

Where do deep inguinal lymph nodes drain into?

A

External iliac lymph nodes

22
Q

Where does the femoral nerve first form?

A

In the abdomen, with psoas major

23
Q

Where does the femoral nerve enter the thigh?

A

Lateral to the midpoint of inguinal ligament - Lateral to femoral vessels

24
Q

What muscles are innervated by the Femoral N?

A

Anterior thigh muscles, hip and knee joints - Iliacus - Sartorius - Quadriceps femoris - Pectineus

25
Q

What is the terminal cutaneous branch of the Femoral N?

A

Saphenous N

26
Q

What type of inguinal lymph node cannot be palpated?

A

Deep inguinal lymph nodes

27
Q

What is each area innvervated by? ****

A
  1. Lateral cutaneous branch of subcostal N
  2. Femoral branches of genitofemoral N
  3. Ilioinguinal N
  4. Lateral Femoral Cutaneous N
  5. Anterior Cutaneous Branches of Femoral N.
  6. Cutaneous branch of obturator N
  7. Saphenous N
28
Q

What is Meralgia Paresthetica?

A

Compression of lateral femoral cutaneous N as it passes under inguinal ligament

  • Causes pain along lateral thigh
29
Q

What nerves can be affected by a anterior hip dislocation?

A
  • Femoral N
  • Lateral Femoral Cutaneous N
30
Q

What cutaneous branch accompanies femoral vessels?

A

Saphenous N

31
Q

What does the saphenous N innervate?

A
  • Anterior and medial knee and leg
  • Medial foot
32
Q

What is the Adductor hiatus?

A

Opening in the tendon of adductor magnus

33
Q

What arch way do femoral vessels use to reach popliteal fossa?

A

Adductor hiatus

34
Q

Where does the Adductor Canal begin and end?

A

Begins at femoral triangle apex, ends at the adductor hiatus

35
Q

Where does the Femoral A. enter the femoral triangle?

A
  • Deep to the midpoint of inguinal ligament
  • Lateral to femoral vein
36
Q

What artery does the Femoral A give rise to inferiorly? What are its two branches?

A

Descending Genicular Artery

(articular branch, saphenous branch)

37
Q

For the cannulation of femoral vessels, where can the femoral artey be palpated?

A

2-3 cm inferior to the midpoint of inguinal ligament

(midway between ASIS and pubic tubercle)

38
Q

What is the significance of the Profunda Femoris A. ?

A
  • Largest branch of the femoral A
  • Chief artery for the thigh
39
Q

What branches come off of the Profunda Femoris A? Where are these found?

A

In the femoral triangle, it gives rise to Medial & Lateral Circumflex Femoral Arteries

40
Q

What is the clinical importance of the medial circumflex femoral A?

A

It is the main supply to the femoral head and neck

41
Q

What does the Lateral circumflex femoral artery supply?

A

Lateral thigh muscles and femur head

42
Q

What does the Deep Femoral A. supply?

A

Adductors and Hamstring muscles

43
Q

What is the clinical significance of the Great Saphenous Vein?

A
  • Administer blood, electrolytes, drugs
  • Coronary bypass surgery
44
Q

What is a saphenous cutdown?

A
  • Incision made anterior to the medial malleolus (to access the venous system)
45
Q

What symptom might a patient express as a result of a saphenous cutdown?

A
  • Foot pain along medial border

MSK Test II (11 decks)

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