Femoral Morphology and Osteoarthritis

Question 1

What is the angle of inclination for the hip?

Answer 1

125°

Question 2

What is coxa varum?

Answer 2

an angle of inclination <120°

Question 3

What is coxa valgus?

Answer 3

an angle of inclination >135°
This lengthens the limb, promotes instability, and shortens the moment arm of the hip abductors.

Question 4

Transverse Plane of Alignment of the Femur?

Answer 4

Angle of Torsion
Normal: 15°
Excessive Anteversion: 30° (toeing in) >15°
Retroversion: 5° (toeing out) <8°

Question 5

Transverse Plane of Alignment of the Femur?

Answer 5

Angle of Torsion
Normal: 15°
Excessive Anteversion: 30° (toeing in) >15°
Retroversion: 5° (toeing out) <8°

Question 6

What are consequences to Hip Ante-Retroversion?

Answer 6

Increased femoral anteversion shortens the abductor and external rotator moment arms.
Predisposes to gluteus medius hip weakness

Question 7

How is the femoral torsion angle clinically assessed?

Answer 7

Through the craigs test (neutral point of hip rotation - palpate the greater trochanter)
Normal is 8-15° of IR

Question 8

Kellgren Lawrence Scale

Answer 8

Normal joint space should be 3-5mm
reduction >.5 mm is considered significant
Disease severity considered moderate <2.5mm
Disease severity considered severe <1.5mm