Female Repro

Question 1

Functions in the storage of oocytes, the female gamete and production of hormones

Answer 1

Ovary

Question 2

The functional, outer portion of the ovary that contains oocytes housed within follicles and corpa lutea

Answer 2

Cortex

Question 3

The central portion of the ovary made of dense connective tissues and contains nerves, vasculature, and lymphatic vessels.

Answer 3

Medulla

Question 4

How are the ovaries of the mare different?

Answer 4

The functional portion is the central portion and the connective tissue portion is the outer portion

Question 5

The ovarian structure that houses and maintains the oocyte. It is a source of estrogen.

Answer 5

Follicle

Question 6

The ovarian structure that results from luteinization of a follicle after ovulation. It is a source of progesterone and does not form in birds.

Answer 6

Corpus Luteum

Question 7

Follicles and Corpa Lutea are both ______ _____.

Answer 7

Endocrine Glands

Question 8

Transports oocytes and sperm for fertilization

Answer 8

Oviduct

Question 9

The funnel-shaped opening of the oviduct near the ovary that has fimbriae

Answer 9

Infundibulum

Question 10

The dilated portion of the oviduct

Answer 10

Ampulla

Question 11

The narrow portion of the oviduct that connects with the lumen of the uterine horn. It has a thicker muscular wall and fewer mucosal folds than the ampulla.

Answer 11

Isthmus

Question 12

What is the order of the ampulla, isthmus, and ovary?

Answer 12

Ovary, ampulla, isthmus

Question 13

What is the site of fertilization in mammals?

Answer 13

The ampullary-isthmic junction

Question 14

What is the site of fertilization in birds?

Answer 14

The infundibulum

Question 15

Joins the isthmus to the uterine horn and is the site of fertilization in mammals.

Answer 15

Ampullary-isthmic junction

Question 16

The type of uterus that has one cervix, one uterine body, and no horns.

Answer 16

Simplex

Question 17

The type of uterus that has 1 cervix, one uterine body, and two horns

Answer 17

Bicornuate

Question 18

A primate has a _____ uterus. Cats, dogs, cows, pigs, and ewes have a _____ uterus. The uterine body is especially prominant in the ______.

Answer 18

• Simplex
• Bicornuate
• Mare

Question 19

The outer layer, or serosa, of loose connective tissue in the uterus that is continuous with the broad ligament.

Answer 19

Perimetrium

Question 20

The smooth muscle layer, or muscularis, of the uterus that has an outer layer of longitudinal muscle and an inner layer of circular muscle.

Answer 20

Myometrium

Question 21

The mucosa and submucosa of the uterus that makes up 2/3 of the thickness of the uterine wall.

Answer 21

Endometrium

Question 22

______ _____ are branched, tubular structures that open into the uterine lumen. What do they secrete?

Answer 22

• Endometrial Glands

- Uterine milk to support the early embryo

Question 23

The _____ is the fetal side of the placenta. The _____ is the maternal side of the placenta. Together, these make up the ______.

Answer 23

• cotyledon
• Caruncle
• placentome

Question 24

The special area in the ruminant endometrium for placental attachment.

Answer 24

Caruncle

Question 25

The thick muscular wall wit the anterior end continuous with the uterine body and the posterior end protruding into the vagina.

Answer 25

Cervix

Question 26

What are the species differences in the cervix for the cows and ewes, sows, mares, and bitch and queen

Answer 26

• Cows and ewes: cervical (annular) rings that are interlocking ridges
• Sows: Corkscrew arrangement to accomodate the boar’s penis
• Mares: cervical folds
• Bitch and queen: No rings or folds

Question 27

What changes in the cervix near ovulation? Why?

Answer 27

It relaxes slightly to enhance sperm entry

Question 28

What are characteristics of the anterior vagina?

Answer 28

It is separated from the vestibule by a muscular sphincter and is closest to the cervix. It has a high degree of secretory activity and columnar epithelium.

Question 29

What are characteristics of the posterior vagina?

Answer 29

It is closest to the vulva, and has stratified squamous epithelium to protect against abrasions

Question 30

The _____ comprises the female external genetalia.

Answer 30

Vulva

Question 31

What is unique about the hen ovary and oviduct?

Answer 31

Only the left ovary and oviduct develop in the hen

Question 32

Outer-most tissue layer that is a dense connective tissue covering

Answer 32

Serosa

Question 33

The smooth muscle tissue layer that is arranged circularly and longitudinally

Answer 33

Muscularis

Question 34

The loose, irregular, connective tissue layer

Answer 34

Submucosa

Question 35

The epithelial tissue layer

Answer 35

Mucosa

Question 36

From outside to inside, what are the tissue layers of the wall of tubular regions of the reproductive and digestive systems?

Answer 36

Serosa, muscularis, submucosa, mucosa

Question 37

The _____ ______ is the suspensory tissues of the ovaries, oviducts, and uterus

Answer 37

Broad Ligament

Question 38

The layer of connective tissue below the germinal epithelium and covering of the ovary

Answer 38

Tunica Albuginea

Question 39

The layer of cells covering the ovary

Answer 39

Germinal epithelium

Question 40

How do nerves and blood vessels reach the ovary?

Answer 40

Through the hillus

Question 41

The _____ is the female gamete

Answer 41

oocyte

Question 42

The uterus consists of what two things?

Answer 42

The uterine body and the uterine horns

Question 43

Where is the shell added for a hen?

Answer 43

In the shell gland or uterus

Question 44

What cells secrete mucus and where is it secreted? How does estrogen and progesterone affect this?

Answer 44

• Goblet cells in the cervix
• Estrogen increases quantity and decreases viscosity to promote sperm transport
• Progesterone decreases quantity and increases viscosity to inhibit sperm transport