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4th Year > Female Health > Flashcards

Female Health Flashcards

1
Q

How long does it take for cocp, depo, implant, IUS to become active? If it’s not started on day 1 of period.

A

7 days

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2
Q

how long does it take for POP to become active? If not started on day 1 of period

A

2 days

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3
Q

Antidepressants safe in pregnancy?

A

Sertraline or paroxetine

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4
Q

Management of uterine atony?

A

Syntocin

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5
Q

Anaemia in pregnancy

A

<110 in 1st trimester
<105 in 2nd and 3rd
<100 post-partum

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6
Q

Exposure to chickenpox >20 weeks gestation and not immune

A

Oral acyclovir or VZIG 7-14 days after exposure NOT IMMEDIATELY

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7
Q

Shoulder tip pain =

A

irritation of peritoneum –> think ectopic

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8
Q

True or False?

IgM = Active disease

A

True, IgG = chronic or vaccine

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9
Q

Exposure to chickenpox <20 weeks gestation and not immune

A

VZIG

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10
Q

1st line in gestational hypertension/pre-eclampsia?

A

Labetalol

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11
Q

Treatment of gestational hypertension in asthma?

A

Nifidipine

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12
Q

Treatment for pre-menstrual syndrome

A

New generation COCP taken continuously

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13
Q

When is mastectomy performed over WLE?

A

Multifocal tumour
DCIS >4cm
Central tumour
Large lesion, small breast

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14
Q

Hormone therapy in breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen if pre/peri menopausal

Aromatase inhibitors such as anastrozole in post menopausal

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15
Q

Why is tamoxifen not used in post menopausal women?

A

Unopposed oestrogen antagonism increases risk of uterine cancer and VTE

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16
Q

Most common biological therapy in breast cancer?

Contraindications?

A

Herceptin (trastuzumab) in HER2 positive tumours

contraindicated in heart disorders

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17
Q

What should anyone receiving antenatal VTE prophylaxis also receive?

A

6 weeks prophylaxis postnatally

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18
Q

Ca125

A

Tumour marker for ovarian cancer

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19
Q

Whirlpool sign on USS

A

Ovarian torsion

20
Q

Beads on a string

A

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

21
Q

Snow storm appearance on USS

A

Molar pregnancy

22
Q

1st line treatment of menorrhagia

  • needs contraception
  • doesn’t need contraception
A
  • IUS

- TXA or mefanamic acid

23
Q

1st line management of acute STEMI
receiving PCI -
Not receiving PCI -

A

Aspirin + ticagrelor + LMWH + immediate PCI

Tissue plasminogen activator or streptokinase

24
Q

Can a miscarriage be diagnosed with a single scan?

A

Yes only if verified by 2 professionals and CR>7 or gestational sac >25

if under these measurements then rescan in 7-10 days.

25
Q

what is a leiomyomata?

A

Fibroid - being tumour of myometrium

26
Q

1st line treatment for heavy periods?

A

Mirena

27
Q

Should combined HRT be used if the woman doesn’t have a uterus?

A

Oestrogen only

28
Q

Why is combined HRT required for women with a uterus?

A

Unopposed oestrogen would increase risk of endometrial cancer

29
Q

What other examination is important in prolapse?

A

Abdo - prolapse can be worsened by abdominal mass

30
Q

Management of lichen sclerosis?

A

Dermovate

+ avoid fragrant body wash etc

31
Q

Epithelium of endocervix?

Epithelium of ectocervix?

A

Columnar
Stratified squamous

An ectropion of when the columnar epithelium is present on the ectocervix - associated with increased oestrogen (pregnancy/COCP). Columnar more fragile and can bleed with sex

32
Q

Management of cervical ectropion?

A

Asymptomatic - Nothing will self resolve with time or when stops COVP/pregnancy ends

Problematic bleeding - cauterisation with silver nitrate

33
Q

Drugs that should be avoided when breastfeeding?

A 
antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, sulphonamides
psychiatric drugs: lithium, benzodiazepines
aspirin
carbimazole
methotrexate
sulfonylureas
cytotoxic drugs
amiodarone
34
Q

Management of hyperemesis gravidarum?

A

1st line = antihistamine (cyclizine/promethazine)

2nd line = metoclopramide/ondansetron

35
Q

Ketones in urine during pregnancy

A

May suggest hyperemesis gravidarum

36
Q

UTI when breastfeeding

A

trimethoprim

37
Q

gestational diabetes criteria

A

5678
fasting glucose >5.6
2 hour >7.8

38
Q

GBS prophylaxis

A

benzylpen

39
Q

Induction of labour

A
  1. vaginal prostaglandin
  2. Membrane sweep or IV oxytocin

Induction indicated with bishop score <5 as labour is unlikely to occur spontaneously

40
Q

Gillick competence vs Frazer guidelines

A

Gillick competence used in children <16 years old - if they understand enough to be able to consent/make medical decisions

Frazer guidelines = prescribing contraception to a female <16 and maintaining confidentiality - can only happen if they have Gillick competence and are likely to continue having sex regardless of your decision, you should encourage them to discuss with their parents but this isn’t a requirement

41
Q

When can FSH be checked to assess ovarian reserve?

A

Day 2-5 of cycle

Low number of eggs i.e. poor ovarian reserve = high FSH as more hormone required to activate the follicles

42
Q

how can you check that ovulation is occurring?

A

DAY 21 PROGESTERONE or 7 days before day 1 oof cycle

43
Q

A fasting glucose of what in pregnancy requires treatment with insulin

A

> 7

44
Q

Indications for continuous CTG monitoring in labour?

A

suspected chorioamnionitis or sepsis, or a temperature =>38°C
severe hypertension 160/110 mmHg or above
oxytocin use
the presence of significant meconium
fresh vaginal bleeding that develops in labour

45
Q

Management of stress incontinence?

A

Pelvic floor exercises

Duloxetine

46
Q

management of painful periods

A

NSAIDS first line

COCP second line

47
Q

Contraceptive linked with weight gain?

A

depo-povera

4th Year (15 decks)

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