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Animal Repro > Female Anatomy > Flashcards

Female Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Liquor folliculi

A

Fluid contained within the tertiary follicle

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2
Q

Cornua

A

-Either of the two lateral cavities of the uterus
-Fallopian tubes pass into

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3
Q

List the 4 layers common to all portions of the reproductive tract.

A

-Serosa
-Muscularis
-Submucosa
-Mucosa

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4
Q

Serosa

A

-Outermost layer
-Single layer of squamous cells
-Covers reproductive tract

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5
Q

Muscularis

A

-Double layer of smooth muscle: Outer
(Longitudinal), Inner (Circular)
-Aids in transport of secretory products: Peristaltic contraction

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6
Q

Submucosa

A

-Thickness varies
-Supportive tissue
-Contains: Blood vessels, Nerves, and Lymphatics

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7
Q

Mucosa

A

-Secretory layer of epithelium
-Each region has a different type
~Oviduct: Mixture of Ciliated columnar epithelium
and non-ciliated columnar epithelium
~Posterior vagina: Stratified squamous epithelium

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8
Q

Know why the location of the reproductive tract in domestic animals is significant for reproductive management (i.e. transrectal palpation and ultrasound and some of its applications).

A

Below the rectum
-Palpation can be done through the rectal tissue: Less struggle (not through cervix) and less risk of infection
-Rectal tissue: Better view of tract and ultrasound

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9
Q

Know which ovarian structure produces estradiol and the functions of estradiol.

A

-Follicle
-Helps stimulate Estrus behavior, Release oocyte, Thicken endometrium, Prepare for implantation

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10
Q

Know which ovarian structure produces progesterone and the functions of progesterone.

A

-Corpus Luteum
-Helps to maintain pregnancy
-Prevents ovulation while in high concentration

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11
Q

Describe the broad ligament.

A

Double layered connective tissue

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12
Q

Describe the broad ligament embryonic development and origin and its function.

A

-Origin: Peritoneum
-Development and function:
~Suspends Ovaries, Oviducts, Uterus, Cervix, Anterior Vagina
~Houses Vasculature, Nerves, and Lymphatic Vessels

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13
Q

List the 3 portions of the broad ligament.

A

-Mesovarium
-Mesosalpinx
-Mesometrium

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14
Q

Mesovarium

A

-Supports ovary
-Houses blood vessels: Hilus

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15
Q

Mesosalpinx

A

-Supports Oviduct
-Serous portion (thin): Smooth transparent membrane that covers, lines, or attaches to organs.
-Bursa-like pouch

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16
Q

Mesometrium

A

-Supports Uterine Horns
-Largest
-Most conspicuous

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17
Q

List the 4 layers of the ovary.

A

-Germinal eithelium
-Tunica albuginea
-Ovarian cortex
-Ovarian medulla

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18
Q

Germinal eithelium

A

-Single layer of cuboidal cells
-Not related to germinal cells

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19
Q

Tunica albuginea

A

Outer connective tissue

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20
Q

Ovarian cortex

A

-Usually (Not true in horses): Oocytes and Related structures

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21
Q

Ovarian medulla

A

-Central part of ovary,
-Houses Vasculature, Nerves and Lymphatics

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22
Q

Compare/contrast the equine ovary and the non-equine ovary.

A

-Farm Species
~Oocytes: Cortex
~Ovulation: Anywhere on the ovary
-Mares
~Oocyte: Medulla
~Ovulation: Ovulation Fossa

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23
Q

What ovarian structures are in the preovulatory stage?

A

-primordial follicle
-primary follicle
-Secondary follicle
-Tertiary follicle

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24
Q

What ovarian structures are in the postovulatory stage?

A

-Corpus Hemorrhagicum
-Corpus Luteum
-Corpus Albicans

25
Q

primordial follicle

A

-Most immature
-Microscopic
-Single layer of squamous cells.

26
Q

primary follicle

A

-Microscopic
-Single layer of cuboidal cells

27
Q

Secondary follicle

A

-Microscopic
-Two or more layers of cuboidal cells.

28
Q

Tertiary follicle

A

-Antral: Having fluid (liquor folliculi) in the antrum
-Graafian: Mature / Ovulating size

29
Q

Corpus Hemorrhagicum

A

-Bloody site of protruding tissue
-On the ovary
-Directly after ovulation

30
Q

Corpus Luteum

A

-Large / obvious
-Yellow Bodies
-On ovary

31
Q

Corpus Albicans

A

-White
-Scar-like tissue
-Degraded CL

32
Q

List the layers of the tertiary follicle.

A

-Theca externa
-Theca interna
-Basement membrane
-Granulosa
-Cumulus oophorus
-Oocyte

33
Q

Theca externa

A

Primary loose connective tissue

34
Q

Theca interna

A

hormone production

35
Q

Granulosa

A

-hormone production
-oocyte maturation

36
Q

Cumulus oophorus

A

-A “cloud” of granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte
-Sticky
-Corona Radiata: Special designation of granulosa cells directly bordering (in contact with) the oocyte

37
Q

Oocyte

A

The egg

38
Q

List the portions of the oviduct.

A

-Infundibulum
-Ostium
-Ampulla
-Ampullary-isthmic junction
-isthmus
-Uterotubal junction

39
Q

Infundibulum

A

-Funnel shaped opening to oviduct
-“Catchers Mitt”

40
Q

Ostium

A

-Opening of the oviduct
-“Bottle Neck”

41
Q

Ampulla

A

-Half or more of the oviduct
-Large diameter
-Fern like mucosal folds: Ciliated epithelium
-Site of fertilization

42
Q

Ampullary-isthmic junction

A

Site of fertilization

43
Q

isthmus

A

-Smaller diameter
-Thick muscular wall
-Fewer mucosal folds

44
Q

Uterotubal junction

A

Site where oviduct joins the uterus

45
Q

List the 3 types of uteri.

A

-Duplex
-Bicornuate
-Simplex

46
Q

Duplex

A

-2 cervical canals separating each horn into distinct compartment with 1 or 2 vaginal canals
-Rabbit (one vagina)
-Possum (two vaginas)

47
Q

Bicornuate

A

-2 uterine horns and small uterine body
-All farm species

48
Q

Simplex

A

-single uterine body with little to no uterine horn
-Humans

49
Q

Perimetrium

A

-Thin sheet of tissue
-Equivalent to the serosa

50
Q

Myometrium

A

-Outer longitudinal muscle layer
-Inner circular muscle layer
-Equivalent to the muscularis

51
Q

Endometrium

A

-Innermost layer of uterus
-Consists of the mucosa and submucosa

52
Q

Describe the functions of the cervix.

A

-Barrier to external environment: During pregnancy
-Barrier to sperm transport: Cow and Ewe
-Produces mucus: During estrus primarily in Cow and Ewe

53
Q

Describe the functions of the vagina.

A

-Copulatory organ
-Birth canal
-Site of urine expulsion

54
Q

Cranial vagina

A

-Generally columnar epithelium
-Highly secretory
-Fornix: Wide part at the end of the vagina

55
Q

Caudal vagina

A

Stratified squamous epithelium: Protective functions

56
Q

Vulva

A

-External portion of female tract
-2 labia (major and minor): mostly adipose tissue with small bundles of smooth muscle.
-2 commissures: Dorsal and Ventral

57
Q

Clitoris

A

-Female homologue of penis
-In ventral commissure.

58
Q

Perineum

A

Region surrounding anus and vulva

Animal Repro (22 decks)

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