Feline Viruses Flashcards
1
Q
Feline immuniodeficiency virus (FIV) family
A
- retroviridae
2
Q
feline immuniodeficiency virus transmission
A
- bites from infected cats through saliva
3
Q
how do queens in acute stage of feline immuniodeficiency virus transmit to young
A
- through colostrum and milk
- No in utero transmission
4
Q
3 stages of feline immuniodeficiency virus
A
- initially temporary enlargement of lymph nodes, fever
- long subclinical stage
- progressive deterioration of health
5
Q
pathogenesis of feline immunodeficiency virus
A
- carrier to nearby lymph nodes, multiplies in T-lymphocytes and spreads throughout the body
6
Q
diagnosis of feline immunodeficiency virus
A
- detection of antibody by ELISA
- 8-12 weeks after infection
7
Q
what can contribute to false positives of feline immunodeficiency virus
A
- vaccine
8
Q
why do some young cats test positive
A
- because of the maternal antibodies
- should be tested every 60 days until 6 months old
9
Q
feline leukemia (FeLV) family
A
- retroviridae
10
Q
3 types of neoplasia recognized with feline leukemia
A
- lymphosarcoma
- myeloproliferative disease
- fibrosarcoma
11
Q
2 types of nonneoplastic disease recognized with feline leukemia
A
- anemia
- immunopathologic disease
12
Q
lymphosarcoma accounts for what % of all feline tumors
A
- 30%
13
Q
4 major forms of lymphosarcoma based on primary tumor
A
- multicentric (lymphoid system)
- thymic (mostly kittens in thymus - T-cell)
- alimentary (older cats - B-Cells)
- unclassified (uncommon and in nonlymphoid tissue)
14
Q
features of anemia associated with feline leukemia
A
- goes to bone marrow
- large number of neoplastic cells
- non-regenerative
15
Q
4 types of anemia recognized with feline leukemia
A
- erythromyelosis
- granulocytic leukemia
- erythroleukemia
- myelofibrosis
16
Q
can feline leukemia cause abortions
A
- yes
17
Q
envelope antigen of all 3 antigenic types of feline leukemia
A
- Gp70
18
Q
when feline leukemia is transforming a cell will make host cell express what viral antigen
A
- FOCMA
19
Q
FOCMA is the target of what
A
- protecting antibodies
20
Q
prognosis of having antibodies against FOCMA (FeLV)
A
- good
- body has seen and responded
- better prognosis
21
Q
prognosis of having antibodies against p27 (FeLV)
A
- bad
- protein is inside the virium
- antibodies are causing the immunopahtology
22
Q
within 6 weeks of infection with Feline leukemia what are the 2 host-virus relationships that develop
A
- persistent active infection -> death
- self-limiting infection -> hiding
23
Q
how do you test latent infections of Feline leukemia
A
- bone marrow culture and cell reactivation
24
Q
diagnosis of persistently viremic cat infected with feline leukemia confirmed by
A
- 2 positive test in 12 weeks
- bad prognosis
25
indirect IF, hardy test for feline leukemia detects
- p27 in cytoplasm
| - detects cells associated with secondary viremia
26
what type of feline leukemia can be transmitted vertically
- nonpathogenic endogenous type
27
how are most cats infected with feline leukemia
- horizontally through saliva (continuous exposure)
28
is there a vaccine for feline leukemia
- yes but does not protect all cats
29
feline sarcoma virus family
- retroviridae
30
how is feline sarcoma virus considered defective
- carrying a v-onc and lacking the env gene
31
what does feline sarcoma virus required to cause disease
- coninfection
32
fibrosarcoma accounts for what % of all feline tumors
- 6-12%
33
rare occasion of feline sarcoma virus in kittens -
- produce multifocal subcutaneous fibrosarcomas
| - anaplastic and metastasic
34
feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) family
- coronaviridae
35
what is FIP a mutation of
- feline enteric coronavirus (FeCoV) within host
| - antibodies of FeCoV does not mean FIP will develop
36
2 forms of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)
- effusive (wet)
| - non-effusive (dry) - uveitis
37
mutated virus of FeCoV has the ability to invade and grow in
- macrophages
| - no shedding
38
is humoral immunity protective against feline infectious peritonitis
- no -> may be fatal
39
gross lesions of feline infectious peritonitis
- multiple greyish nodules
40
features of effusion fluid in FIP
- high protein
- low cellularity
- no bacteria
41
diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis
- no definitive test -> diagnosed by exclusion
- blood work will show hyperglobulinemia
- coronavirus antibodies -> but doesn't mean you have the mutation
42
abdominal or chest fluid from a patient suspected of having FIP can be tested by
- Rivalta test
43
treatment of feline infectious peritonitis
- treat symptoms
| - can benefit from cytotoxic drugs
44
feline panleukopenia virus family
- parvoviridae
45
feline panleukopenia virus also known as
- feline distemper
46
replication of feline panleukopenia virus occurs in
- nucleus of dividing cells in S phase
47
cerebellar hypoplasia occurs with what virus
- feline panleukopenia virus in kittens infected from 2 weeks before to 2 weeks after birth
48
why is leukopenia common in feline panleukopenia virus
- involvement of lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and platelets
- continuous cell division of lymphoid tissues
49
pathogenesis of feline panleukopenia virus
- initial viral replication occurs in pharyngeal lymphoid tissue
- spread to other tissues via blood stream
- cells in S phase are infected and killed
50
gross and microscopic lesions of feline panleukopenia virus
- enteritis for several days before death
| - lesions characterized by segmental thickening and necrosis
51
diagnosis of feline panleukopenia virus
- clinical signs, hematological findings (leukopenia)
52
post-mortem exam of feline panleukopenia virus confirmed by
- HI
- virus isolation in cell cultures
- PCR to detect virus DNA in tissues
- antigen-capture enzyme immunoassay or immunofluoresence
53
transmission of feline panleukopenia virus
- highly contagious
- direct contact
- fomites
- fleas and humans can be mechanical vectors
54
does feline panleukopenia virus have a vaccine
- yes (core vaccination)
55
disinfection of feline panleukopenia virus
- 1:32 dilution of sodium hypochlorite
56
feline rhinotracheitis virus family
- herpesviridae
57
feline rhinotracheitis virus is a disease of the
- upper respiratory tract
58
feline rhinotracheitis virus has similar presentation as what other virus
- feline calicivirus
59
does feline rhinotracheitis virus cause abortion
- pregnant queens may abort
60
diagnosis of feline rhinotracheitis virus
- if it responds to L-lysine (amino acid)
61
keratitis associated with punctuate corneal ulcers is a common finding in what virus
- feline rhinotracheitis virus
62
treatment of feline rhinotracheitis virus
- symptomatic
| - L-lysine to alleviate and prevent episodes
63
does feline rhinotracheitis virus have a vaccine
- yes
| - lessens disease but does not prevent infection
64
protection against feline rhinotracheitis virus is based on (3)
- humoral
- cell mediated
- local antibody
65
feline calicivirus (FCV) family
- caliciviridae
66
disease of feline calicivirus
- rare unless stressed
67
feline calicivirus can cause disease of what
- acute or subacute disease of upper respiratory tract
68
are corneal ulcers seen with feline calicivirus
- no
| - only ulceration of oral epithelium
69
what happens after recovery from feline calicivirus
- carrier state -> continuously shed from tonsils
70
does feline calicivirus have a vaccine
- yes (core vaccination)
71
highly pathogenic strain of calicivirus features
- occurs mainly in shelters
- high mortality
- pancreatic, hepatic and splenic necrosis
72
feline calicivirus distribution in the world
- worldwide
| - almost all cats infected by age of 1
