Feline cardiac disease Flashcards
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is what type of hypertrophy and affecting which heart chamber?
Concentric hypertrophy
Left ventricle
What is the difference between HCM and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomopathy?
HOCM = HCM + (LVOT)
HCM with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOT)
What breeds of cat are prone to HCM?
Persian
Ragdoll
Maine Coon
American Shorthair
On echo cardiography, how thick does the myocardial wall have to be to diagnose HCM?
> 6mm
diastolic wall thickness
What is a restrictive myopathy? Which heart chambers are enlarged?
Stiffening of myocardium or NORMAL wall thickness
Marked LA +/- RA enlargement
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) can be seen in cats with what type of heart failure?
Right CHF (backwards)
What is arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy?
Fatty replacement of right ventricle
Initially around RV outflow tract
What tends to cause DCM in cats?
Taurine deficiency
How can DCM in cats be treated?
Assess response to taurine
Pimobendan (positive inotrope)
What are the stages of feline cardiomyopathy?
A - predisposed
B1 - subclinical, normal or mild atrial enlargement
B2 - subclinical, moderate or severe atrial enlargement
C - CHF
D - refractory CHF
A cat has asymptomatic HCM - what treatment is required?
None - unless risk of thrombus
A cat has asymptomatic HOCM - what treatment is required?
Atenolol
but NEVER use beta blockers in cats with uncontrolled CHF
What anti-thrombotic drugs can be used in cats?
Clopidogrel
Aspirin - if compliance issues
Apixaban if very severe
