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Animal Nutrition > Feedstuffs And Terminology > Flashcards

Feedstuffs And Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Feeds that are generally high in energy, low in fiber, and usually are highly digestible

A

Concentrates

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2
Q

Cereal grains (corn, milo, sorghum grain, wheat, oats , barely ) oil meals ( SBM, CSM linseed meal ) molasses , dried milk product

A

Concentrates

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3
Q

Feeds that are high in fiber, low in energy and less digestible

A

Roughages

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4
Q

Legume hays, grass hays, straws, silage, stover and fresh grass

A

Roughages

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5
Q

What are the 8 categories of feeds

A
  1. Dry roughages or dry forages
  2. Pasture and range plants
  3. Silages and haylages
  4. Energy feeds
  5. Protein supplements
  6. Mineral supplements
  7. Vitamin supplements
  8. Additives
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6
Q

Dry forages and roughages are high in ________
Lower ________
Low in _______
>_____% crude fiber

A

Fiber
Digestibility
Energy
>18% CF

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7
Q

Vegetative part of plant

A

Forage

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8
Q

A coarse bulky feed

A

Roughage

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9
Q

Hay, straw, fodder, stover, hulls, shells, pasture and range crops, some silages

A
  1. Dry forages and roughages
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10
Q

Includes all forage feeds either not cut ( including feeds cured on the stem) or cut an fed fresh ( green chop or spoilage)
Grazed plants either growing or dormant

A
  1. Pasture and range plants
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11
Q

Fermented forages stored under anaerobic conditions

Microbial fermentation

A
  1. Silages and haylages
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12
Q

Silage is ____-____% DM

Haylage is ___-_____% DM

A

35-40%DM

40-60%DM

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13
Q

Soilage

A

Green crops used to feed confined animals

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14
Q

Feeds high in energy, low in fiber
Highly digestible
>70% TDN <20%CP

A
  1. Energy feeds
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15
Q

Cereal grains ( corn, wheat, oats, barely, sorghum grain, rye) mill by products ( corn gluten, bran) whole cottonseeds, fats and oils

A
  1. Energy feeds
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16
Q

Feeds containing more than 20% protein or protein equivalent (high in nitrogen)
highly digestible

A
  1. protein supplements
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17
Q

soybean meal, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, peanut meal, meat meal, fish meal, feather meal, urea, brewer’s grains.

A
  1. Protein supplements
18
Q

what is the number 6 category of feeds

A
  1. Mineral Supplements
19
Q

how many mineral are known to be required (swine)

A

13

20
Q

what are the 7 macro minerals required by swine?

A

Ca, P, Na, Cl, Mg, S, K

21
Q

what are the 6 trace(micro) minerals required by swine?

A

Cu, I, Fe, Mn, Se, Zn

22
Q

what mineral is needed for vitamin B12?

A

Cobalt (Co)

23
Q

what three minerals are the requirements not established

A

F, Mo, Cr,

24
Q

of the macro minerals, which are usually added to livestock rations?

A

NaCl, Ca, P

25
Q

which two minerals are added to feeds during specify seasons? which season?

A

Mg, S

Spring, grasses are low in Mg

26
Q

T/F: commercial mineral mixtures meet the needs of the livestock it is used for

A

False, one size does not fit all

27
Q

Rumen microorganisms synthesize what vitamins

A

B, K, C

28
Q

what three vitamins are the main concern for ruminants

A

A, D, E

29
Q

what is the seventh category of feedstuff.

A
  1. Vitamin Supplements
30
Q

what two vitamins are synthesized by cecal microorganisms in the horse

A

Vit C and K

31
Q

what 2 B Vitamins are suggested for horses under a heavy work load

A

Riboflavin, Niacin

32
Q

what are the three products of anaerobic fermentation of soilage and haylage

A

acetic acid
butyric acid,
lactic acid

33
Q

what are the three products of rumen fermentation

A

acetic acid
propionic acid
butyric acid

34
Q

what is the number 8 category of feedstuff

A
  1. additives
35
Q

nonnutritive substance which when added to feed will improve feed efficiency and or the production of animals

A
  1. additives
36
Q 
Ionophores
bloat control (poloxalene)
anthelmintics
drugs/antibiotics
hormones
flavoring agents
A
  1. additives
37
Q

rumensin and bovatec are

A

ionophores

38
Q

what do ionophores do

A

alters fermentation, increases efficiency by 10-15%, makes more propionic acid. eat less but gain same amount

39
Q

what are anthelmintics

A

dewormers

40
Q

a substance that is implanted into the body for the purpose of growth promotion or controlling some physiological function
ex: compudose, ralgro, synovex -S, H, C

A

Implants (no #)

41
Q

implants are also called

A

nutritive partitioning additives

Animal Nutrition (8 decks)

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