Features Of A Science Flashcards
give the definition for the following:
theory
collection of general principles whch can explain a particular event or behaviour
give the definition for the following:
theory revision
adjustments to a theory
give the definition for the following:
empirical methods
gathering data from experience using controlled methods making it more objective
give the definition for the following:
paradigm
set of shared assumptions and agreed methods
give the definition for the following:
paradigm shift
scientific revolution due to contrary evidence
give the definition for the following:
objectivity
based om factual, ubiased analysis and is not open to interpretation
give the definition for the following:
falsification
the possibility of a theory being proven false
what are the two methods of developing a theory
- inductive reasoning
- dedutive reasoning
explain inductive reasoning
bottom up
* make specific observation
* recognise pattern that can be generalised
* draw general conclusion or theory
explain deductive reasoning
top down
* exisiting theory
* hypothesis
* experiment and collect data to confirm or deny theory
give the steps of hypothesis testing
- state hypothesis
- conduct experiment
- choose test statistic
- decision making
- draw conclusion
what is replicability
extent to which scientific procedures and findings can be repeated by other researchers
give ways you can make research more replicable
- standardised procedures
- controlled conditions
- pilot studies
give a PEELH for the features of a science
strength
P - give psychology credability
Eg - approaches such as the biological use scientific empirical methods such as scanning techniques
Ex - shofts psychology from its philosophical roots to a more scientific discipline
L - the reputation of psychology is upheld
H - some approaches go against the features such as psychodynamic which is unfalsifiable
