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FDN2 by Minnie > FDN2_LifestyleMedicine > Flashcards

FDN2_LifestyleMedicine Flashcards

1
Q

What does FITTE stand for?

A

FITTE is a mneumonic to use for counseling patients on starting a new physical activity plan; you want to make sure you and the patient address each part of FITTE so that the plan is as clear and specific as possible

  • F - Frequency
  • I - Intensity
  • T - Time
  • T - Type
  • E - Enjoyment
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2
Q

What is a MET?

A

Metabolic Equivalent

Calorie Definition: 1 MET = 1 kcal/kg/hour (about equal to sitting quietly)

Oxygen Definition: 1 MET = 3.5 mL/kg/hour (about equal to sitting quietly)

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3
Q

What is physical activity volume?

A

(aka Total Physical Activity Level)

Physical Activty Volume = Intensity x duration x frequency

Unit: MET-minutes/day or MET-hours/day

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4
Q

What defines an “inactive” activity level?

A

No activity beyond baseline level

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5
Q

What defines “sedentary behavior?”

A

Any waking behavior with energy expenditure <1.5 METS while in a sitting, reclining, or lying posture

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6
Q

What defines “low activity level?”

A

<150 min/wk of moderate intesntity

OR

<75 min/wk of vigorous intensity

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7
Q

What is low-intensity aerobic exercise?

A

20-39% of HR reserve

or

1.6 - <3 METs

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8
Q

What is moderate-intensity aerobic exercise?

A

40-59% of HER reserve

or

3 - <6 METs

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9
Q

What is high-intensity aerobic exercise?

A

60-84% of HR reserve

or

6+ METs

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10
Q

What is the “built environment?”

A

The human-made surroundings that provide the setting for human activity

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11
Q

What barriers determine the amount of physical activity that an individual engages in?

A

Personal (Time restraints, physical limitation, attitudes/beliefs)

Environmental (Built environment, access, affordability)

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12
Q

What is the “Stages of Change” model?

A

The transtheoretical model of intentional behavior change

  1. Precontemplative
  2. Contemplative
  3. Preparative
  4. Action
  5. Maintenance
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13
Q

According to the stages of change model, what is important to think about during behavior change counseling?

A
  • Assess the patient’s stage of change
  • Use discrepancy techniques to help a patient move from one stage to the next (discuss the pros and cons of change)
  • Listen for the processes of change
    • Consciousness raising
    • Environmental re-evaluation
    • Helping relationships
    • Self-Reevaluation
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14
Q

According to the health belief model, how would you counsel a patient who is considering behavior change?

A
  • Link change to positive internal cues of health
  • Strengthen the cause and effect connection (Behavior -> disease, Change -> health and happiness)
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15
Q

What is the health belief model?

A

The health belief model states that change is a function of individual perceptions regarding their vulnerability to illness and the percieved effectiveness of treatment

Individuals are more likely to change if they believe…

  • They are sucesptible to disease
  • The problem is serious
  • The treatment is effective and not costly ($, pain, effort)
  • They are exposed to a cue to take action
  • They are confident they can do it
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16
Q

Which principle of behavior change states that

“Change is a function of individual perceptions regarding their vulnerability to illness and the percieved effectiveness of treatment”

A

Health belief model

17
Q

What concept underlies the strategy of self-determination and motivational interviewing?

A

Different people are motivated to act by very different factors that fall into 2 categories:

  • Internal values
  • External coercion
18
Q

According to the self-determination model, how should you counsel a patient who is considering behavior change?

A
  • Use motivational interviewing!
  • Increase internal motivation/self-determination
    • Ask for the patient’s perspective before recommending anything
    • Don’t coerce the patient
    • Support patient autonomy
19
Q

What is the social cognitive theory/ecological model?

A

Social cognitive theory emphasizes the importance of interactions between a person and their environment

  • Behavior is a function of the environment and the person
  • The environment includes interpersonal relationships, the community, the city, etc.

2 central concepts:

  • Self-efficacy: A person’s specific belief that is tied to a particular task
  • Outcome expectations: A person’s view of the cause and effect relationship of behavior change
20
Q

Which principle of behavior change emphasizes the importance of interactions between a person and their environment?

A

Social cognitive theory/ecological models

21
Q

What is the theory of planned behavior?

A

The theory of planned behavior states that intention to act is guided by 3 beliefs, and that behavior change must be preceded by intention.

  • Behavioral beliefs: The patient’s percieved outcomes of change
  • Normative beliefs: norms and pressures from family and community
  • Control beliefs: Factors that many increase or decrease the performance of change

The patient is most likely to change if the beliefs are favorable, and they have a high degree of percieved and actual control

22
Q

Which principle of behaviror change states “that intention to act is guided by behavioral, normative, and control beliefs?”

A

Theory of Planned Behavior

23
Q

What is cognitive behavioral therapy?

A

A behavior change strategy that focuses on short-term, problem oriented treatments.

It acknowledges that behavior change is a function of a person’s interactions with their environment.

The goal: cognitive changes that target the inner thoughts, emotions, attitudes and events that are related to actions

  • Get at the where/when/how of change
  • Help the patient develop skills
24
Q

What are 7 techniques employed by cognitive behavioral theory?

A
  1. Self-monitoring
  2. Stimulus control
  3. Cognitive restructuring
  4. Problem solving
  5. Contingency management
  6. Social support
  7. Stress management
25
Q

Which principle of behavior change focuses on short-term, problem-oriented treatments that help patients develop skills that will allow them to change?

A

Cognitive behavioral theory

(The goal is to change the way people see/interact with their environment; cognitive restructuring)

26
Q

What are the 3 keys for forming habits that stick?

A
  1. Repetition
  2. Self-regulation
  3. Accountability and positive feedback
27
Q

What is a SMART goal?

A
  • S - Specific
  • M - Measurable
  • A - Achievable
  • R - Realistic
  • T - Timely

FDN2 by Minnie (14 decks)

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