Fats and Lipids

Question 1

what are lipids soluble in

Answer 1

organic solvents

Question 2

what are lipids insoluble in

Answer 2

water

Question 3

are lipids organic or inorganic

Answer 3

organic

Question 4

list the 3 main functions of lipids

Answer 4

energy
structural
signaling

Question 5

how do lipids help with energy

Answer 5

lipids can be used as an energy source as well as storing the energy

Question 6

how do lipids help with structure in the cell

Answer 6

lipids are a component of cell membranes

Question 7

how do lipids help with signaling

Answer 7

with hormones

Question 8

how do lipids help with insulation

Answer 8

lipids can help maintain body temps

Question 9

list the main types of fats and lipids

Answer 9

triglycerides
fatty acids
phospholipids

Question 10

90% of the fat we get is in what form?

Answer 10

triglyceride

Question 11

state the main functions of triglycerides

Answer 11

storage form of energy for plants and animals
fatty acid storage
structural component of lipoproteins

Question 12

define lipoproteins

Answer 12

things that transport lipids around the body

Question 13

state the composition of a triglyceride

Answer 13

glycerol + 3 fatty acids

Question 14

state the triglycerides back bone

Answer 14

glycerol backbone

Question 15

state the composition of a fatty acid

Answer 15

fatty acids are chains of carbon molecules with a methyl group at 1 end of the chain and a carboxyl group at the other end of the chain

Question 16

what 2 groups are on either side of the fatty acid chain?

Answer 16

a methyl group and a carboxyl group

Question 17

what percentage of essential fatty acids should take up of total energy?

Answer 17

1-3%

Question 18

what kind of fat primarily makes up coconut oil?

Answer 18

saturated fat

Question 19

define saturated fatty acid

Answer 19

saturated fatty acids dont have a double bond between carbon atoms

Question 20

list some examples of saturated fatty acids

Answer 20

coconut
coconut oil
palm oil

Question 21

define monounsaturated fatty acid

Answer 21

monounsaturated fats have 1 unsaturated carbon bond

Question 22

list some examples of monounsaturated fatty acids

Answer 22

olive oil
peanut oil
canola oil

Question 23

define polyunsaturated fatty acid

Answer 23

has more than 1 double bond

Question 24

list some examples of polyunsaturated fatty acids

Answer 24

sunflower oil
walnuts
flax seeds

Question 25

define essential fatty acid

Answer 25

cant be synthesised by the body in adequate amounts so is therefore essential for the dier

Question 26

define triglyceride

Answer 26

formed from glycerol and 3 fatty acid groups

Question 27

define trans fatty acid

Answer 27

unsaturated fatty acid occurring in margarines and cooking oils

Question 28

what are fatty acids known as

Answer 28

fatty acids are known as the building blocks of fats and can be saturated or unsaturated

Question 29

compare what forms saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats are found in at room temp

Answer 29

saturated - solid
monuunsaturated - liquid
polyunsaturated - liquid

Question 30

list some forms of typical saturated fats

Answer 30

meat and dairy

Question 31

list some forms of typical monounsaturated fats

Answer 31

olive oil and avocado

Question 32

list some forms of polyunsaturated fats

Answer 32

salmon and nuts