Fat Synthesis Etc Flashcards
What is fat?
Fat is a long-chain hydrocarbon containing carboxylic acid moiety at one end
Most naturally occurring fat exist in ………. With ……… Being the most common
C4-C22
C18 is the most common
How do the following affect the melting point of fat?
Number of carbons
Degree of unsaturation
The higher the number of carbons the higher the melting point.
The higher the point of unsaturation,the lesser
Saturated Fat with less than 8 no of carbon is ……….. at room temp while >10 is
Liquid
Solid
Most naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acid exists in
Cis form
Trans fat is found in
Food
Hydrogenation of unsaturated FA
Essential fatty acids with the site of unsaturation beyond carbon ….. and …… cannot be synthesised in the body
List
9 and 10
Linoleic18: 9,12
Linolenic 18:9,12,15
Arachidonic20: 5,811,14
Eicosapentaenoic ( EPA) 20: 5,8,11,1417
Docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA) 22:
6 sites of unsaturation starting from 4
Most common fatty acids are
C16 and C18
Citrate shuttle is made up of
Tricarboxylate translocase system
The enzymes for elongation are called ?
Elongases ( thiolase)
Elongation takes place in ………..
Mitochondria and Endoplasmic reticulum
Elongases prefer fatty acids of ………… Carbons
16 carbons or less
The major substrate of elongation is ……….
Stearoyl Co A
Desaturation occurs where?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Desaturases uses oxygen as ……..
Electron acceptor
Desaturases introduce double bonds at positons
9,6,5
The two common naturally occurring fatty acids are
Palmitoleic 16:1d9
Oleic 18:1d9
Animals cannot synthesize linoleate or linolenate fatty acids because?
They lack desaturases that can introduce a double bond beyond carbon 9
Mammals can synthesize arachidonic acid but plants cannot T/F
True
Arachidonic acid is a precursor for group of enzymes called
Eicosanoids
