Fascist State

Question 1

Name for the organisation that controlled adult leisure activities

Answer 1

Dopolavoro

Question 2

Who took control of the Dopolavoro in 1927

Answer 2

Ministry of Economy

Question 3

Who did Mussolini give control of the ONB over to in 1929? away from party control

Answer 3

Ministry of Education

Question 4

What was the name of the cult that depicted the Duce as a powerful leader + man of the people

Answer 4

Cult of the Ducimo

Question 5

Who was the Cult of the Ducimo based on

Answer 5

Ceasar

Question 6

What phrase was coined in the Cult of the Ducimo

Answer 6

“Mussolini is always right”

Question 7

Name a foreign admirer and his quote of Mussolini

Answer 7

British foreign secretary Chamberlain

“a wonderful man working for the greatness of his country”

Question 8

What did the volume of fascist propaganda do?

Answer 8

Convinced many there was no alternative to Fascism

Deterred political opponents

Question 9

How did fascism make sure journalists were loyal

Answer 9

Extra pay and government grants

Question 10

What organisation was set up by the duce that gave respected jobs + large salaries to leading professors

Answer 10

Fascist Academy

Question 11

How many were found guilty of political crimes 1927-43

Answer 11

4,600

Question 12

How many political opponents of Fascism were killed 1922-25?

Answer 12

2,000

Question 13

Who was the OVRA

Answer 13

political police

Question 14

When was the OVRA set up

Answer 14

November 1926

Question 15

What was the name for the political police?

Answer 15

OVRA

Question 16

How many informants did the OVRA have?

Answer 16

100,000

e.g doctors to report mental illness

Question 17

How many raids did the OVRA conduct weekly?

Answer 17

20,000

Question 18

What method did the OVRA use that Nazis did too?

Answer 18

use of prison camps

Question 19

Name X2 organisations that opposed Fascism

Answer 19

Underground Party of Communists

Justice and Liberty

Question 20

What was the name of the Underground Party of Communist’s newspaper?

Answer 20

L’Unita

Question 21

How many active supporter did the UPOC have?

Answer 21

7,000

Question 22

Where was Justice & Liberty based?

Answer 22

based in Paris

Question 23

What did Justice & Liberty do?

Answer 23

shuffled leaflets to their supporters inside Italy

Question 24

After the Matteoti murder what must all newspaper editors be a member of?

Answer 24

Association of Fascist journalists

Question 25

When were opposition newspapers closed?

Answer 25

1926

Question 26

When was the establishment of new papers banned?

Answer 26

1927

Question 27

Which body made pro-government public information films

Answer 27

Instituto Luce

Question 28

What compensation was the Pope paid for giving up claim to Rome?

Answer 28

£30million

Question 29

Who agreed to pay salaries of the clergy after the Lateran agreements?

Answer 29

State

Question 30

When did the Pope acknowledge the Italian state for the first time in 60yrs

Answer 30

1929 after Lateran agreements

Question 31

How did the Church view Italy's policies in Ethiopia and Spain?

Answer 31

Approved of them as | "Christian Crusades"

Question 32

In 1931 what did the state try to suppress which was aggravating to the Church?

Answer 32

Catholic Action | was a rival to Fascists youth groups

Question 33

What was the concession that the state made to Catholic action?

Answer 33

confinded to purely religious activities Church in response warned Fascists not to interfere w schools e.g Catholic university of Milan

Question 34

What evidence is there that the Lateran agreements were not remaining strong?

Answer 34

Church resisted claims Fascism was totalitarian Broadcasted alternative news via Radio Vatican

Question 35

When did Italy begin to introduce anti-semitic policies - what was the Church's opinion?

Answer 35

1938 Began disputing with state

Question 36

By when was the Catholic-Fascist alliance essentially over?

Answer 36

1939

Question 37

What was Mussolini's justification for introducing some of his anti-semitic policies

Answer 37

several Justice and Liberty members Jewish Mussolini claims French resistance to Italian involvement in Spain's civil war was because of their Jewish PM

Question 38

How many Jewish students were sent out of school 1938-39?

Answer 38

5,600

Question 39

When were Jews banned from joining the Fascist Party?

Answer 39

October 1938

Question 40

When were Jew-nonJew marriages banned?

Answer 40

November 1938

Question 41

Was Italian anti-semitism systematic - what was it influenced by?

Answer 41

Never a racial ideology or systematic persecution Actions prompted by pressure from Hitler

Question 42

What was the opinion of officials on anti-semitism?

Answer 42

Made little effort to enforce Laws | either shared view of Church or had connections w Jews