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AHIS - Italy > Collapse of Liberal State > Flashcards

Collapse of Liberal State Flashcards

1
Q

What did the Liberals promise peasants would receive post-war?

A

Land

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2
Q

When did 400,000 factory workers strike in the industrial north?

A

September 1920

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3
Q

How many went on strike in northern industrial towns in September 1920?

A

400,000

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4
Q

What did Giolitti do to respond to the strikes of September 1920?

A

Encouraged industrialists to make concessions

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5
Q

Who dealt with the issue of Fiume via the ToR?

A

Giolitti

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6
Q

What was Giolitti dealing with Fiume seen as by Italians?

A

national betrayal

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7
Q

In the 1920 local elections how many did socialists control?

A

26/69

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8
Q

When did the PSI peak?

A

1920

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9
Q

In the first half of 1921 how many were dead in Fascist-socialist clashes?

A

207

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10
Q

What did the squadristi do in terms of attacks on the socialists?

A

Seized HQ’s of left-wing papers, and 80 trade union offices

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11
Q

How are the threat of the squadristi and the King deciding not to adopt martial law related?

A
  • wanted to avoid civil war

- King received info that his army would not be able to take on the 30,000 strong squadristi (false)

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12
Q

What were the squadristi able to claim they were doing by quelling the 24hr general strike by socialists in July 1922?

A

saving Italy from Bolshevism

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13
Q

What % of the electorate did the PNF have in 1921?

A

7%

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14
Q

When Mussolini became PM why was he at a disadvantage?

A

had a minority parliament

only 4/14 senior ministers fascists

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15
Q

What did the fascists do following the disappointment in the 1919 election?

A

move further right

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16
Q

What did Mussolini announce post-1919 election to demonstrate his move to the right?

A
  • against PSI (not proletariat)
  • abandons pledges to abolish excessive war profits
  • says would introduce compulsory military service
  • crown and fascists can co-exist
17
Q

Who proposed Mussolini to thwart Giolitti

A

Salandro

18
Q

What is Salandro proposing Mussolini an example of

A

Liberal Weakness and Division

no prominent leadership

19
Q

What PNF policies would have proved popular with ex-soldiers and nationalists

A

compulsory military service

determined to obtain Dalmatia and Fiume

20
Q

Why were the conservatives supportive of appointing Mussolini

A

thought he was a temporary solution to the problem of socialism - “Firework”

21
Q

Why were the squadristi vital in demonstrating the level of socialist threat

A

socialism peaked in 1920
trade union membership declining
had to continue violence to suggest there was still threat

22
Q

Did the PSI vote decrease or increase 1919-1921?

A

Decrease

23
Q

By how many seats did the PSI vote decrease by 1919-1921

A

156 to 123

Drop of 33

AHIS - Italy (14 decks)

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