Farm Animal Neonates Flashcards
When does the majority of calf mortality occur?
65% in first 5 minutes
How do you resuscitate a neonate?
ositive pressure ventilation
Sedate the dam?, it crosses placenta
-Midazolam or xylazine- reverse reverse (flumazenil and atipamezole
Doxapram sublingual
Atropine (bradycardia)
Bicarb for fading calf with resp acidosis (breath fast)
cardiac stimulation - epinephrine
dexamethasone for lung function
warming if < 98.6
What is one of the most common findings in assisted calvings?
Broken ribs
How do you help the neonate that is hypoxic?
Intransal oxygen (red rubber cath)
10-12mm, 2-10L/Min
What kind of fluids are needed for rescitiation?
80mg/kg/day - Maintenace
-Alkanixzing, LRS weak, Daline of dextrose
When you think you have an acidotic cow, how do you determine the amount of bicarb needed?
BW (KG) x base deficit x 0.4 (or 0.6)
0.9% saline or dextrose
NO LRS
How do you treat hypoglycemia?
Think Septiciemia
Bolus 10ml of 50% dextrose
Add to fluid 2.5-5% dextrose
50-100ml of 50% in 1 L fluid
When do neurologic signs of hypernatremia occur?
> 160 mEq/L
Over 2-3 days drop by 4-5mEq
(prevent cerebral edema)
What should you print off and have in your truck?
Neonatal calf dehydration and bicarb replacement cheat sheet and LA blood parameters
What values indicate failure of passive transfer? What do you do to correct this?
Total protien <5.8 hours of age to 5-7 days
Or Albumin <1.5
Plasma transfusion
20-40ml/kg
200-250mls
What should you look for when finding milk to bottle feed a calf?
20/20 or 28/24
Purina or Landolakes
Species Specific
Replacer not supplement
How do you prepare a bottle for a calf?
12-15% BW to 12-16pint between 2 feedings
Can train to bucket
How do you wean a bottle calf?
Provide starter feed at 1 week
when consuming 2.5lbs for grain a day back down bottle (4 pint 2x day1 week then 4 pint 1x day week
Hay at 10-12wk
wean dairy at 8 week
wean beef at 12-16wk
How much do you bottle feed SR?
15-20% BW in 3-4 feedings (1-2 week) then 2 feedings per day
(48 oz)
Train to bucket
Pritchard needle ideal
How do you wean SR?
Offer creep feed at 2-3 weeks
Wean when neonate is 2-2.5x birth weight or 0.25lb grain per day
Wean at 8-16weeks
How do you feed orphaned piglets?
Multispecies milk replacer fine or goat milk
Pan or shallow dish (no bottle)
Introduce pelleted feed at 4 weeks by making mash in water
How do you resuscitate a camelid neonate?
More premature with congenital abnormalities
should be born in day light, at night check for hypoxia and dystocia
squeakiness normal - resolve in hour
measure BG before supplement
What is the best way to feed a camelid neonate?
Goat colostrum
10% BW in first 12 hours (60-90ml/2 hr
TS <4.5 = FPT
>5.5 Adequate transfer
What is the dosage for plasma transfusion on a camelid?
15-25ml/kg
100-200ml/hr
What is the Maintenace rate for fluids for camelids?
100mg/kg/day
-Hypoprotenia, hypernatremia and hyperglycemia common
What should you be careful of when it comes to bottle fed camelids?
Berserk male syndrome or aberrant behavior syndrome
