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Family & Group Therapies Flashcards

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1
Q

Family Therapies

most approaches to family therapy have roots in what 3 theoretical frameworks?

A

general systems theory
cybernetic theory
communication theory

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2
Q

Family Therapies

3 assumptions of general systems theory

A

all systems:
* consist of interacting componenets
* are governed by the same general rules
* have homeostatic mechanisms that help them maintain a state of stability & equilibrium

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3
Q

Family Therapies

describe basic tenets of Cybernetic Theory

A

concerned with the mechanisms that regulate a system’s functioning and distinguishes between negative & positive feedback loops

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4
Q

Family Therapies

describe negative feedback loops

Cybernetic Theory

A

these loops resist change and help a system maintian the status quo

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5
Q

Family Therapies

describe positive feedback loops

Cybernetic Theory

A

these loops amplify change & disrupt the status quo

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6
Q

Family Therapies

describe the assumption of Communication Theory

from this perspective, when do problems occur in families?

A

certain types of repetitive patterns of communication and interaction produce problematic behavior

problems occur in families when interactions between family members are exclusively symmetrical or complementary

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7
Q

Family Therapies

Bateson (1972) linked the development of schizophrenia to double-bind communication. What is double-bind communication?

Communication Theory

A

double-bind communication occurs when a person receives two contradictory messages from a family member & is not allowed to comment on the contradiction

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8
Q

Family Therapies

Bateson (1972) distinguished bewteen 2 types of interactions. List and define both.

A

Symmetrical interactions - reflect equality & occur when the behavior of 1 person elicits a similar type of behavior from the other person

Complementary interactions - reflect inequality & occur when the behavior of 1 person complements the behavior of the other person

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9
Q

Family Therapies

symmetrical interactions can escalate in intensity and become…

A

a one-upmanship game

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10
Q

Family Therapies

describe a complementary pattern of interacting

A

1 person in dominant role & 1 person in subordinate role

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11
Q

Family Therapies

recent approaches to family therapy are influenced by postmodernism, which challenges the basic premises of general systems theory - describe the basic premises of postmodernism

A

there are universal laws that govern systems & these laws can be discovered by scientific research

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12
Q

Family Therapies

list 2 perspectives adopted by postmodernism approaches and describe their assumption(s)

A

constructivist & social constructivist
assume there are multiple viewpoints & realities

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13
Q

Family Therapies

postmodernism approaches view family therapy as what type of process? describe the characteristics of this process

A

a shared process

forming a collaborative relationship with the family
helping the family members identify alternative ways of interpreting & resolving problems

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14
Q

Family Therapies

list 9 family therapies

A
  1. Extended Family Systems Therapy
  2. Structural Family Therapy
  3. Strategic Family Therapy
  4. Milan Systemic Family Therapy
  5. Conjoint Family Therapy
  6. Narrative Family Therapy
  7. Emotionally-Focused Therapy
  8. Functional Family Therapy
  9. Multisystemic Therapy
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15
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

  1. developed by who
  2. theoretical assumption(s)
  3. primary goal

aka Intergenerational & Transgenerational Family Therapy

A
  1. Bowen
  2. views families as emotional units where changes in 1 person affect the whole family; thus, differentiation in 1 family member facilitates greater differentiation in other family members
  3. to increase each family member’s differentiation
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16
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

Bowen derived his approach from work with children with schizophrenia and their families, which led to what ocnclusion?

A

that the transmission of certain emotional processes from one generation to the enx tis responsible for the development of schizophrenia in a fmaily member

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17
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

  1. concepts
  2. interventions
A
  1. concepts
    * Differentiation
    * Emotional Triangles
    * Family Projection Process
    * Multigenerational Transmission Process
  2. interventions
    * 3 generation enograms
    * questions designed to defuse emotions & help family members identify how they contribute to family problems
    * teaching family members how to interact with their families-of-origin in ways that increase differentiation
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18
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

purpose of genograms

A

to help family members understand intergenerational patterns of functioning

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19
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

role of the therapist

A
  • assume the role of coach
  • stay connected with family members but remain neutral to avoid becoming involved in the family’s emotional processes
  • have family members talk directly to them (therapist) rather than to each other - reduces emotional reactivity in session
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20
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

how many family members do Bowenian therapists see at one time and typically who are these family members?

A

2; typically the parents
OR
the individual family member who is most capable of increasing their level of differentiation

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21
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

define Differentiation

A

(intrapersonal) the degree at which each family member is able to separate their own emotional & intellectual functioning (e.g., separating thinking from feeling)

(interpersonal) which then makes it possible for them to separate their functioning from the functioning of other family members

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22
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

according to Bowen, a person with a low level of differentiation will become ____ with other family members

A

emotionally fused

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23
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

Emotional Triangles:
1. define
2. describe the purpose
3. describe how to determine the likelihood of development in a family system

A
  1. when a family dyad experiencing tension recruits a third family member to form an emotional triangle
  2. helps alleviate the tension between the family dyad & increases stability
  3. the likelihood increases as the levels of differentiation of family members decreases
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24
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

Family Projection Process
1. define
2. typical outcome(s)

A
  1. refers to the parents’ projection of their emotional immaturity onto their children
  2. causes the children to have lower levels of differentiation
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25
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

Multigenerational Transmission Process
1. define
2. which family member is most likely to be impacted & how?
3. outcome(s)

A
  1. an extension of the family projection process & refers to the transmission of emotional immaturity from one generation to the next
  2. the child most involved in the family’s emotional system; they become the least differentiated family member
  3. the process continues in subsequent generations & eventually results in the development of severe psychiatric symptoms in a child
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26
Q

Extended Family Systems Therapy

according to Bowen, how does the multigenerational transmission process impact adults

A

adults typically choose a spouse or partner who has a smiliar level of differentiation & the couple then transmits an even lower level of differentiation to one of its children

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27
Q

Structural Family Therapy

  1. developed by who
  2. theoretical assumption(s)
A
  1. Munichin
  2. family member’s symptoms are related to problems in the family’s structure
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28
Q

Structural Family Therapy

according to Munichin, there are 2 important aspects of family’s structure

A

subsystems
boundaries

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29
Q

Structural Family Therapy

Subsystems
1. define
2. give an example

A
  1. smaller units of the entire family system that are responsible for carrying out specific tasks
  2. a parental subsystem - consists of family members who are responsible for caring for the children
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30
Q

Structural Family Therapy

according to Munichin, boundaries differ in terms of ____ and exist on a ____.

A

degree of permeability
continuum

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31
Q

Structural Family Therapy

describe the continuum that boundaries exist on according to Munichin

A

at one end - overly diffuse boundaries that lead to enmeshed relationships
at the other end - overly rigid boundaries that lead to disengaged relationships
midway - two clear boundaries that let family members have close relationships while maintaining a sense of personal identity

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32
Q

Structural Family Therapy

theoretical concepts

A
  • subsystems
  • boundaries
  • rigid family triads
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33
Q

Structural Family Therapy

  1. goals of therapy
  2. focus of sessions
A
  1. to alleviate current symptoms & change the family structure by altering coalitions & creating clear boundaries
  2. promoting behvaior change rather than insight
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34
Q

Structural Family Therapy

list and describe the 4 rigid family triads

A
  1. a stable coalition - occurs when 1 parent and a child form an inflexible alliance against the other parent
  2. an unstable coalition (aka triangulation) - occurs when each parent separately demands that the child side with them
  3. a detouring - attack coalition - occurs when parents avoid their conflict by blaming the child for their problems
  4. a detouring - support coalition - occurs when parents overprotect the child to avoid their own problems
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35
Q

Structural Family Therapy

practitioners of Structural Family Therapy adopt the view that maladaptive behaviors are due to what?

A

a dysfunctional family structure that causes the family to repeatedly respond inappropriately to developmental & situational stress

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36
Q

Structural Family Therapy

3 phases of therapy

A
  1. joining
  2. evaluation
  3. intervening
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37
Q

Structural Family Therapy

the joining phase
1. purpose/use
2. list the 3 techniques

A
  1. to esatblish a therapeutic alliance with the family
  2. mimesis, tracking, & maintenance
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38
Q

Structural Family Therapy

the joining phase: mimesis

A

involves adopting the family’s affective, behaviorral, and communication style

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39
Q

Structural Family Therapy

the joining phase: tracking

A

involves adopting the content of the family’s communications

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40
Q

Structural Family Therapy

the joining phase: maintenance

A

providing family members with support

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41
Q

Structural Family Therapy

the evaluation phase
1. purpose/use
2. techniques & interventions

A
  1. to make a structural diagnosis & identify appropriate interventions
  2. constructing a family map
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42
Q

Structural Family Therapy

evaluation phase: characteristics of a family map

A
  • subsystems
  • boundaries
  • other aspects of family’s structure
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43
Q

Structural Family Therapy

the intervening phase
list interventions

A
  1. reframing
  2. unbalancing
  3. boundary making
  4. enactment - asking family members to role-play a problematic interaction so the therapist can obtain information about the interaction & then encourage family members to interact in an alternative way
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44
Q

Structural Family Therapy

A family therapist described a patient’s depression & anxiety as loneliness. The technique being used by this therapist is referred to as…

A

reframing - relabeling a problematic behavior so it can be viewed in a more contructive way

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45
Q

Structural Family Therapy

A family therapist meeting with a family of 3 (mom, dad, teendage daughter) aligns with the teenage daughter in an effort to increase the daughter’s level of power. The technique being used by the therapist is referred to as…

A

unbalancing - used to alter hierarchical relationships & occurs when the therapist aligns with a fmaily member whose level of power needs to be increased

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46
Q

Structural Family Therapy

After hearing about a recent interaction among family members that was particularly problematic and distressing for the family, a family therapist asks the family role-play the interaction. Afterwards, the family therapist asks the family to role-play the same situation but in an alternative way. The technique being used by the this therapist is referred to as…

A

enactment - asking family members to role-play a problematic interaction so the therapist can obtain information about the interaction & then encourage family members to interact in an alternative way

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47
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

  1. developed by who
  2. theoretical assumption(s)
A
  1. Haley
  2. theoretical assumptions:
    * struggles for power & control in relationships are core features of family functioning
    * power & control are determined primarily by hierarchies within a family
    * maladaptive family functioning is often related to unclear or inappropriate hierarchies
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48
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

according to Haley, what is a symptom?

from Goldenberg & Goldenberg (2013)

A

a strategy that is adaptive to a current social situation for controlling a relationship when all other strategies have failed

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49
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

primary goal(s)

A

to alter family interactions that are maintaining its symptoms

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50
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

role & characteristics of strategic family therapists

A
  • take an active role
  • use strategies aimed at changing behavior rather than instilling insight
51
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

list & describe the 4 stages of the initial session

A
  1. social stage (brief) - therapist welcomes family & observes their interactions
  2. problem stage - therapist elicits each family member’s view of the family problem * its causes
  3. interactional stage - family members discuss their different views of the family’s problem & therapist observes how they interact when addressing the problem
  4. goal-setting stage - therapist helps family members agree on a definition of the family’s problem & concrete therapy goals that target the problem
52
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

interventions throughout treatment are a combination of these 2 directives

A

straightforward & paradoxical

53
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

define straightforward directives

A

instructions to engage in specific behaviors that will change how family members interact

54
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

paradoxial directives
1. purpose
2. specific directives used by therapist

A
  1. help family members realize that they have control over problematic behavior OR use the resistance of family members to help them change in the desired way
  2. prescribing the symptom, restraining, & ordeals
55
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

describe prescribing the symptom

A

involves instructing family members to engage in problematic behavior, often in an exaggerated way

56
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

describe restraining

A

involves encouraging family members NOT to change or warning htem not to change too quickly

57
Q

Strategic Family Therapy

describe an ordeal

A

an unpleasant task that a famly member is asked to perform whenever they engage in the undesirable behavior

58
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

  1. list names of contributors (4)
  2. theoretical assumption(s)
A
  1. Salvini-Palazzoli, Boscolo, Ceechin, & Prata
  2. the family as a whole protects itself from change through homeostatic rules and patterns of communication
59
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

patterns of communication are referred to as what? Describe

A

family games - associated with rigid problematic behaviors, involve power struggles between family members, & are known as “dirty games”

60
Q
A
61
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

  1. primary goal(s) of therapy
  2. focus of sessions
A
  1. alter the family rules & communication patterns that are maintaining problematic behavior
  2. providing family with information that challenges family games & helps family members develop communication patterns that increase the family’s ability to adapt to change
62
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

what distinguishes Milan Systemic Family Therapy from other family therapies?

A

it’s use of a therapeutic team & five-part therapy sessions

63
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

list the 5-parts of therapy sessions

A
  1. pre-session
  2. session
  3. intersession
  4. intervention
  5. post-session
64
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

list 5 commonly used strategies

A
  1. hypothesizing
  2. neutrality
  3. circular questioning
  4. positive connotation
  5. family rituals
65
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

define & describe hypothesizing

A

a continual interactive process of speculating and making assumptions about the family’s situation
* first hypotheses are based on information obtained in the initial telephone interview
* hypotheses are modified during therapy as new information about the family’s functioning is acquired

66
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

define neutrality

A

the therapist’s interest in the family’s situation & acceptance of each family member’s perception of the problem

67
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

Circular Questioning
1. describe intervention
2. purpose
3. give an example

A
  1. asking each family member the same question
  2. to identify differences in perceptions about events and relationships & unconver family communication patterns
  3. “When mom is depressed, what does Dad do?”
68
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

Positive Connotation
1. define
2. purpose

A
  1. a type of reframing of the family’s perceived problem
  2. to change the family’s perception of a symptom from an individual family member’s illness to, instead, a behavior that’s voluntariyl controlled & well-intentioned & involves the entire family system
69
Q

Milan Systemic Family Therapy

Family Rituals
1. define
2. purpose
3. give an example

A
  1. activities carried out by family members between sessions
  2. to alter problematic family games
  3. when parents are competitive in their control of children’s behavior or family events, the therapist might instruct the mother to make all family decisions on odd-numbered days & the father to make decisions on even-numbered days
70
Q

Conjoint Family Therapy

  1. developed by who
  2. theoretical influences
  3. theoretical assumption(s)

aka the human validation process model

A
  1. Satir
  2. humanistic psychology & communication & experiential approaches
  3. family systems seek a state of balance & family problems arise when balance is maintained by unrealistic expectations, inappropriate rules and roles, & dysfunctional communication
71
Q

Conjoint Family Therapy

list & describe the 4 dysfunctional communication styles according to Satir

A
  1. placating - agreeing with or capitulating to others due to fear, dependency, & a desire to be loved & accepted
  2. blaming - accusing, judging, and bullying others to avoid taking responsibility & to hide feelings of vulnerability & worthlessness
  3. computing - taking an overly intellectual & rational (super-reasonable) approach to avoid becoming emotionally engaged with others
  4. distracting - changing the subject & making inappropriate jokes to distract attention & avoid conflict
72
Q

Conjoint Family Therapy

desribe the congruent (or leveling) communication style identified by Satir

A

a functional style, characterized by congruence between verbal & nonverbal messages, directness & authenticity, & emotional engagement with others

73
Q

Conjoint Family Therapy

  1. primary goal(s) of therapy
  2. interventions & techniques
A
  1. to enhance the growth potential of family members by increasing their self-esteem, strengthening their problem-solving skills, & helping them communicate congruently
  2. use of the self, family sculpting, & family reconstruction
74
Q

Conjoint Family Therapy

according to Satir, what is the most important therapeutic tool

A

use of the self

75
Q

Conjoint Family Therapy

Satir proposed that therapists have multiple roles when working with clients - list these roles

A
  • facilitator
  • mediator
  • advocate
  • educator
  • role model
76
Q

Conjoint Family Therapy

describe family sculpting

A

having each family member take a turn positioning other fmaily members in ways that depict his/her view of family relationships

77
Q

Conjoint Family Therapy

describe family reconstruction

A

a type of psychodrama that involves role-playing 3 generations of the family to explore unresolved family issues & events

78
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

  1. leading contributors
  2. theoretical assumption(s)
A
  1. White & Epston
  2. assumptions:
    * a person’s problems as arising from, and being maintained by, oppressive socially constructed stories which dominate ther person’s life
    * the person is NOT the problem; the problem is not internal to the person but is something that exists outside of the person
79
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

give an example of this approach’s theoretical assumption that the problem - not the person - is the problem

re: depression

A

instead of saying that a family member is depressed, a narrative family therapist would say that depression sometimes causes problems for the person

80
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

  1. primary goal(s) of therapy
  2. broad stages of the process of therapy
A
  1. to replace problem-saturated stories with alternative stories that support more satisfying & preferred outcomes
  2. vary somewhat among practitioners but generally involve the following:
    * meeting family members
    * listening
    * separating family members from their problems
    * enacting preferred narratives
    * solidifying
81
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

describe the meeting family members stage of therapy

A
  • getting to know them separate from their problems
  • asking about their interests & everyday activities
82
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

describe the listening stage of therapy

A

paying attention to what family members say to identify dominant discourses & unique outcomes (aka “sparkling moments”)

83
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

define sparkling moments (listening stage of therapy)

A

experiences that are not consistent with problem-saturated stories

84
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

describe the separating family members from their problems stage of therapy

A

externalizing the problems (e.g., the problem - NOT the person - is the problem)

85
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

describe the enacting preferred narratives stage of therapy

A

identifying alternative stories that lead to more satisfying realities & identities

86
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

describe the solidifying stage of therapy & give an example

A

strengthening alternative stories

Examples:
* writing letters of support to family members
* expanding the family’s network of social relationships to include individuals who will support its new stories

87
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

  1. role of the therapist
  2. interventions & techniques
A
  1. role of collaborator
  2. interventions & techniques:
    * questions: externalizing & opening space questions
    * therapeutic letters
    * therapeutic certificates
    * definitional ceremonies
88
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

purpose & example of externalizing questions

A

to help clients view their problems as being outside themselves

“What does your anger tell you to do?”

89
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

purpose & example of opening space questions

A

help family members identify unique outcomes

“Have there been times when conflicts didn’t control your lives?”

90
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

describe the following intervention: therapeutic letters

A

letters written by therapist to family members to reinforce their emerging alternative stories

91
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

describe the following intervention: therapeutic certificates

A

given to family members toward the end of therapy to acknowledge their accomplishments

92
Q

Narrative Family Therapy

describe the following intervention: definitional ceremonies

A

provide family members with opportunities to tell others how they overcame their problems & celebrate the changes they’ve made in their lives

93
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

  1. integrates principles of what other approaches
  2. developed for what purpose
A
  1. attachment theory, humanistic-experiential approaches, & systems theory
  2. to help emotionally distressed partners who want to strengthen their relationship & stay together
94
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

when is EFT for couples contraindicated

A
  • when partners have different agendas for their relationship or for therapy
  • when the therapist believes that emotional vulnerability is not safe or advisable (e.g., when there is ongoing IPV in the relationship)
  • when a partner has an untreated SUD
95
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

main difference between Emotionally-Focused Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy

A

emotion-focused therapy refers to various therapies that emphasize emotion as the target of change

96
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

3 assumptions

A
  1. emotions are essential to the organization of attachment behaviors & influence how people experience themselves & their partners in intimate relationships
  2. the attachment needs of partners are essentially healthy & adaptive but problems arise when needs are enacted in the context of attachment-related insecurities
  3. relationship distress is maintained by the ways in which interactions between partners are organized & by the dominant emotional experiences of each partner
97
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

what practicitioners assume is the fastest & most effective way to solve problems

A

helping partners express and deal with their emotions

98
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

primary goal(s) of therapy

A
  • expand & restructure the emotional experiences partners have with each other
  • develop new interactional patterns
  • experience attachment security within their relationship
99
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

3 stages of therapy

A
  1. assessment & cycle de-escalation
  2. changing interactional positions & creating new bonding events
  3. consolidation & integration
100
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

Shapiro (2001) first suggested the potential usefulness of combining EFT with this therapeutic approach. The effectiveness of this combined approach for couples who are affected by war trauma was later confirmed by Eberro & Sommers-Flanagan (2007).

A

EMDR

101
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

Knox’s (2015) research on the effects of combining EMDR & EFT as a treatment for couples who are affected by war trauma found…

A

the combined treatment was more effective than EFT alone or EMDR alone for improving marital satisfaction and attachment security

BUT - EMDR alone was most effective for reducing the symptoms of PTSD

102
Q

Emotionally-Focused Therapy

Research conducted by Knox (2015) found these outcomes from using an EMDR only approach

A

greatest reduction in PTSD symptoms

103
Q

Functional Family Therapy

  1. target population
  2. integrates elements of what other family therapies
  3. theoretical assumptions
A
  1. at-risk adolescents (e.g., those who have conduct disorder and/or a SUD) & their families
  2. structural, strategic, & behavioral family therapies
  3. assumes problematic behaviors within a family serve important relationship functions - they regulate interpersonal connections & relational hierarchies
104
Q

Functional Family Therapy

  1. primary goal(s) of therapy
  2. list the 3 stages of therapy
A
  1. to replace problematic behaviors with nonproblematic behaviors that fulfill the same relationship functions
  2. 3 stages:
    * Engagement & Motivation Stage
    * Behavior Change Stage
    * Generalization Stage
105
Q

Functional Family Therapy

typical number of sessions & length of time

A
  • 8 to 30 sessions
  • 3- to 6-months
106
Q

Functional Family Therapy

Engagement & Motivation Stage
1. focus
2. goals
3. techniques

A
  1. forming a therapeutic alliance
  2. goals
    * reduce feelings of hopelessness & negativity
    * increase positive expectations for change
    * develop a family-focused understanding of its presenting problems
  3. techniques
    * joining & reframing
107
Q

Functional Family Therapy

Behavior Change Stage
1. focus
2. techniques

A
  1. idenfitiying immediate & long-term behavioral goals; implementing an individualized treatment plan for the family
  2. techniques primarily include training in the following areas:
    * parenting
    * communication
    * problem-solving
    * coping skills
108
Q

Functional Family Therapy

Generalization Stage
1. focus
2. techniques

A
  1. maintaining behavior change & generalizing acquired skills to new problems & situations
  2. techniques:
    * linking family members to community resources
    * identifying ways to avoid relapse
109
Q

Multisystemic Therapy

  1. target population(s)
  2. theoretical foundation
A
  1. originally developed for adolescent offenders at risk for out-of-home placement & their families
    has since been adapted for adolescents with other serious clinical problems, including psychiatric disturbances, substance abuse, & childhood maltreatment
  2. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model
110
Q

Multisystemic Therapy

Bronfenbrenner’s view of individuals

A

individuals as being embedded in and influenced directly & indirectly by multiple systems

111
Q

Multisystemic Therapy

  1. focus
  2. the 9 treatment principles
A
  1. the specific individual, family, peer, school, & social network variables that contribute to the presenting problem & the interactions between these contributing factors
  2. the 9 treatment principles include the following:
    * finding the fit between identified problems & their broader systemic context
    * focusing on positives & strengths
    * increasing responsibility
    * being present-focused, action-oriented, and well-defined
    * targeting behavior sequences
    * using developmentally appropriate interventions
    * encouraging continuous effort
    * stressing evaluation & accountability
    * promoting generalization
112
Q

Multisystemic Therapy

The MST model includes 9 treatment principles that are applied using an ____ process called _____.

A
  • analytic
  • “MST Do-Loop”
113
Q

Multisystemic Therapy

  1. MST is provided in these 2 settings
  2. interventions are derived from these approaches
  3. targets factors that are…
A
  1. family’s home & community settings where problems occur
  2. strategic & structural family therapy, behavior therapy, & CBT
  3. targets factors that are driving problem behaviors
114
Q

Multisystemic Therapy

MST is delivered by ____ and is tailored the adolescent’s and family’s ____.

A
  • a multidisciplinary team
  • target behaviors
115
Q

Multisystemic Therapy

list the likely members of an MST treatment team for an adolescent with academic & conduct problems, frequent use of marijuana & cocaine, and a recent arrest for cocaine possession

A
  • caseworker
  • family therapist
  • substance abuse counselor
  • individuals who work with the adolescent in their school & neighborhood
116
Q

Multisystemic Therapy

  1. When MST is not implemented as intended, effectiveness is low. Thus, this system is used to promote treatment fidelity.
  2. List the components of this system
A
  1. a quality assurance system
  2. system components include the following:
    * initial & booster training of therapists
    * ongoing supervision & consultation
    * measures that evaluate the adherence of the therapist, supervisor, & consultants to the MST model
    * a program implementation review, completed every 6 months by the supervisor & an expert consultant
117
Q

Group Therapy

list the formative stages of group therapy according to Yalom & Leszcz (2005)

A

stages typically overlap
1. initial orientation, hesitant participation, search for mening, & dependency stage
2. conflict, dominance, & rebellion stage
3. development of cohesiveness stage

118
Q

Group Therapy

characteristics of the initial orientation, hesitant participation, search for mening, & dependency stage

A

group members usually:
* are concerned with clarifying the nature and purpose of the group
* depend on the leader for structure, acceptance, and answers to their questions

interactions between members often involve the following:
* describing symptoms
* previous treatments
* giving & seeking advice

119
Q

Group Therapy

characteristics of the conflict, dominance, & rebellion stage

A

group members:
* compete for power & control
* attempt to establish a pecking order
* tend to be critical of each other

some group members may become hostile & resentful toward the therapist as they become aware that they’re not going to become the therapist’s favorite child

120
Q

Group Therapy

characteristics of the development of cohesiveness stage

A

group member:
* begin to trust each other & the therapist
* may reveal the real reason why they’ve come to therapy
* may show concern when a member is absent or drops out of therapy

121
Q

Group Therapy

what does the development of cohesiveness among group members indicate

A

the beginning of a mature group that can deal effectively with the concerns & problems of group members

122
Q

Group Therapy

list the 11 therapeutic factors

A
  1. group cohesiveness
  2. instillation of hope
  3. universality
  4. altruism
  5. imparting information
  6. development of socializing techniques
  7. corrective recapitulation of the primary family group
  8. interpersonal learning
  9. imitative behavior
  10. catharsis
  11. existential factors
123
Q

Group Therapy

this group therapeutic factor is considered analogous with the therapeutic alliance in individual therapy, is viewed as a precondition for the other therapeutic factors, and has most consistently been found to be a strong predictor of positive group therapy outcomes

A

group cohesiveness

Clinical Psychology (6 decks)

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