Factors that affect enzymes Flashcards
And a little about enzymes
What is optimal TempreaturE?
Tallk about reaction rate
The tempreature which an enzyme works the fastest in, which increases reaction rate.
What happens past optimal tempreture? or pH optimal
Denatures, where Hydrogen bonds break down to change the active site of the enzyme, which means the substrate cant bind.
What will happen if substrates increases
The rate of reaction increases because there will be more chances of binding
What will happen if you increase enzyme concentation
The rate of reaction will increase
What is Saturation point
It is when all active sites are used up or all the substrates are have been used up.
NOT RN
What is an competitive Inhibitor
They are an molecule that binds to the active site and prevents the substrates from binding.
not now
What is an non-competitive inhibitor
And where does it bind and the effect
They dont bind to the active site, instead bind to allohesteric site and changes the enzymes active sites shape
not now
What are reversible inhibitors?
They form a weak bond wit the active sites, it can be broken off
not now
What are irreverisble inhibitors
They form strong covalent bonds that cant break off.
not now
What are cofactors
They help assist the enzymes function by sitting on the active site of the substrate.
nlt now
Is Coenzyme an organic or inorganic cofactor?
Organic
not now
What is an coenzyme’s function
AND bro wjat happens after the substrate has been catalysed?
It binds and donates energy or molecules
What are enzymes?
Enzyme are bilological catalists that speed up chemical reactions with a substrate by lowering the activation energy needed.
What are substrates?
The moleucle being acted upon by an enzyme
How do chemical reactions occur?
They require input energy called ACTIVATION ENERGY
What are anabolic reactions
When two or more smaller moleucles are combined to form a larger moleucle using energy
What are catabolic reactions
When a large molecule is brken down to two or more smaller molecules
What is endergonic and what kind of reaction is it from
It means it stores energy, which happens in anabolic reactions
What is exergonic and what kind of reaction is it from
It means it releases energy from a catabolic reaction
What happens to an enzyme after catalysing a reaction?
It is reused/recycled
What is unique to each enzyme
Active site
Can enzymes have more than one active site?
YES
What do you call it when the substrate and the enzyme has binded
Enzyme-substrate complex
E
What do you call the end product after the enzyme has sucessfuly catalysed something?
Products
