Enzymes that manipulate DNA Flashcards
what is a polymerase?
It is an enzyme that builds an polymer by synthesising.
Whats the general direction of reading and then creating a polmer in polymerases??
Just say the direction it creates a strand,
And say the direction it rea
Reads the strand 3’ to 5’ direction.
Creates the strand: 5’ to 3’ direction.
What is ligase?
Mention the type of bond it creates and the reaction it causes
Ligase is an enzyme that joins two pieces of DNA/RNA by forming phosphodiester bonds.
This also has a condensation reaction because of the phosphate and hydroxyl group binding.
Are restriction Enzymes found in Eukaryotes?
NO, it is naturally produced and found in bacteria cells
What is a restriction enzyme?
An enzyme that cuts DNA by slicing throught the phosphate backbone of DNA
What is the place Restriction enzymes cut at?
At specific sequence called “Restriction Site”
What is a endonuclease
A restriction enzyme that cleaves the strand into seperate pieeces.
What is an exonuclease?
A restriction enzyme that cleaves at the ends of a DNA strand
Whats the two types of ends a restriction enzyme produces?
Blunt end and Sticky ends
Whats so important about a restriction site?
Most restriction sites are palindromeseg. GAATTC
: CTTAAG
Meaning that the 5-3 prime sequence of template strand is the SAME same as 5-3 prime of the non template strand.
Whats so special about restriction enzyme
Their restriction site is unique to itsself.
What does it mean by anneal i nthe context of sticky ends
It means two complementary sticky ends can bind with each other.
What is the corespondace with the number of fragments to the number of recognition sites in Circular DNA?
Recognition site number=Fragment number
What is the corespondace with the number of fragments to the number of recognition sites in Linear DNA?
Recognition sites + 1 = fragment number
eg. If 2 recog sites, then 3 fragments
Why are sticky end producing enzymes useful?
They cleave DNA with overhanging unpaired nucleotides , these overhangs are possible to bind with other complementary fragments.
Mention overhangs btw
