Facial Products Flashcards
cover up small imperfections on the facial skin and make it more refined, finer textured, and look natural
○ Cover spots / uneven coloring
Facial Makeup Products
unifying skin color, improving dull and tired complexion, giving a matte finish, and masking dark spots, small wrinkles, dark rings under the eyes, and skin pores.
FACIAL MAKEUP PRODUCTS
TYPES OF FACIAL MAKEUP PRODUCTS
- FACIAL FOUNDATION
- CONCEALERS (COLOR CORRECTIVES)
- BLUSH (ROUGE)
○ Uniform color
○ Provide basic coverage to the skin
○ Blend uneven facial color for all skin tones
● Typically applied on total facial area
● Available as liquid, compact products, sticks, creams, mousse, and loose powders
Facial foundation
● Designed to add color to the cheeks
● Usually applied over a foundation to emphasize and highlight the cheekbones and provide structure to the face
Blush
- hide minor skin problems, such as:
○ Small visible blemishes
○ Pimples
○ Black marks
○ Dark circles under the eye - Much thicker and heavier in pigments (more pigmented than foundation)
● Applied to areas of more concern on the face
● Available as powders, creams, sticks, and liquids
CONCEALERS (COLOR CORRECTIVES)
Types of blush
- powder blush
- cream rouges
have more vivid pigments than facial powder
powder blush
are similar to anhydrous foundations
Cream rouges
Cream rouges contain:
- Light esters,
○ Waxes,
○ Mineral oil,
○ Titanium dioxide (for application, spread, and cover), and
○ Pigments
INGREDIENTS OF FACIAL POWDER MAKEUP
- FILLERS
- ABSORBENTS
- BINDERS
- COLORANTS
- PRESERVATIVES
- ANTIOXIDANTS
- TEXTURE ENHANCERS
- FRAGRANCES
● Provide a base for the pigments
● Help dilute colors
● May also increase adhesiveness of facial powders to the skin
Fillers
Fillers contribute to the ___ and ___________ of the powder
slip and consistency
○ Talc
○ Magnesium stearate
○ Starch
○ Boron nitrides
○ Bismuth oxychloride
○ Micas
Fillers
multifunctional: filler, absorbent, binder
Starch
● Help the cake stick together, provides some water repellency to the formulas, and provide skin adherence
● Used in pressed powders only
Binders
■ Zinc
■ Magnesium stearate
■ Starches
solid binders
■ Mineral oil
■ Isopropyl myristate
■ Silicone oils
liquid binders
Mainly _________ pigments are used
(COLORANTS)
inorganic
○ Iron oxide (yellow, red, and black),
○ Ultramarine (blue), and
○ Chrome hydrate and chrome oxide (green)
Inorganic pigments
Inorganic pigments are _________ insoluble
water
are used as covering agents, and as UV filter
Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide
● Aimed at specific ingredients like _________ which are ideal media for microbial growth
Preservatives; starches
Commonly used preservatives
Phenoxyethanol
● Used to protect some ingredients from degradation
Antioxidants
Low levels of
○ BHA - butylated hydroxyanisole
○ BHT - butylated hydroxytoluene, or
○ Vitamin E
Antioxidants
- Help ingredients mix more uniformly, provide additional slip, and improve transfer resistance and oil resistance
texture enhancers
○ Nylon
○ Polyethylene
○ Silica beads
○ Silica powders
○ Teflon
○ Microcrystalline cellulose
TEXTURE ENHANCERS
CHARACTERISTICS OF FACIAL LIQUID AND SEMISOLID MAKEUP
- OIL-BASED
- WATER-BASED
- OIL-FREE
- WATER-FREE
● W/O emulsions containing suspended pigments
● Pigment can spread over the face for up to 5 minutes prior to setting
● Leaves moist skin feel
● For dry skin type
○ May feel greasy and heavy if not used on dry skin type
OIL-BASED
● O/W emulsions with pigment suspended in large amount of water
● Appropriate for minimally dry to normal skin
● Not subject to color drift (dries faster)
● Application time is shorter due to lower oil content
WATER-BASED
● W/Si emulsion well-suited for oily skin types
● Must be blended quickly for even coverage
● Pigments are dispersed in silicone
● Usually contains 1 to 2% electrolytes to reduce interfacial tension and stabilize emulsions
OIL-FREE
● Usually contains 1 to 2% electrolytes to reduce interfacial tension and stabilize emulsions like ____________
(OIL-FREE)
○ Sodium chloride
○ Magnesium sulfate
○ Sodium tetraborate
● Anhydrous formulation
● Most opaque formulation that offers waterproof properties
● Suited for use in patients with facial scarring who want camouflaging
● Cannot be easily removed
WATER-FREE
○ Oils,
○ Hydrocarbons,
○ Synthetic esters,
○ Silicones, and
○ Waxes
WATER-FREE
INGREDIENTS OF FACIAL LIQUID AND SEMISOLID MAKEUP
- FILLERS
- PIGMENTS
OTHERS
● Emollients
● Water
● Emulsifiers
● Thickening agents
● Preservatives
● Antioxidants
● Chelating agents
● Additional agents like anti-aging ingredients, sunscreens, fragrances, and humectants
FORMULATION OF FACIAL LIQUID AND SEMISOLID MAKEUP
- DIRECT PIGMENT METHOD
- PIGMENT BLENDS METHOD
- MONOCHROMATIC COLOR SOLUTION METHOD
● Pigments are weighed directly into one of the phases and dispersed using a mill
● May require too many color adjustments and accurate color matching is difficult
DIRECT PIGMENT METHOD
● Color concentrates of individual pigments are made in ready-to-use, finished form
● Allows easy matching using ___________________
● May require large storage space, and possibility of contamination is evident
MONOCHROMATIC COLOR SOLUTION METHOD
● Pigments are premised and pulverized with extenders, and color of blend is matched to a standard
● Reduced number of color corrections
● But extra time is needed to prepare the dispersions
PIGMENT BLENDS METHOD
● Molded foundations that are similar but larger than lip liners
● Anhydrous formulations with high proportion of low-viscosity oils and waxes
● Contains extenders to provide homogenous pigment dispersion
STICK FOUNDATIONS, CONCEALERS, AND BLUSHES
OTHER FACIAL MAKEUP PRODUCTS
- STICK FOUNDATIONS, CONCEALERS, AND BLUSHES
- TWO-WAY FOUNDATIONS
- CREAM-TO-POWDER FOUNDATIONS
- CREAM-IN-POWDER (POWDER-TO-CREAM)
- TRANSPARENT FACIAL POWDER (FINISHING POWDERS)
- MAKEUP PRIMERS
● Compact powder that may be applied using wet or dry sponge
● Provides natural-looking smooth finish
● Combine properties of cream foundation with a face powder
TWO-WAY FOUNDATIONS
Majority of ingredients are _________________
(TWO-WAY FOUNDATIONS)
hydrophobic
● Utilizes __________-treated pigments
(TWO-WAY FOUNDATIONS)
silicone
● Supplied in compact form and applied with a sponge
● Transform from velvety cream to a microfine powder when in contact with the skin
CREAM-TO-POWDER FOUNDATIONS
● Loose powder that contains a high proportion of liquid phase
● Combination of treated pigment, cosmetic powder, and liquid phase
● Optimizes use of thickeners
CREAM-IN-POWDER (POWDER-TO-CREAM)
● Provides sheer coverage and oil-blotting properties of previously applied foundation
● Contain less pigment as color
● Can be used for touch-up during the day
TRANSPARENT FACIAL POWDER (FINISHING POWDERS)
● Colorless or slightly tinted semisolid formulations
● Used to smoothen the skin surface and prevent makeup from feathering or creasing
MAKEUP PRIMERS
Typically ______________ formulations that evaporate quickly after application to leave a dry finish on the skin
(PRIMERS)
silicone-based
____________ are used to cancel redness
Green primers
_________________ cancel yellow and sallow tones
Purple tones
_______________ cancel blue color under the eye
Peach and salmon colors
