face and scalp Flashcards
where does the thickened fascia of the parotid gland arise from?
it is an extension of the deep fascia
the layer of deep cervical fascia covers the masseter and inserts into the parotid gland
describe the composition of fronto-occipitalis
there are two bellys:
- frontalis
- occipitalis
what is the innervation common to all muscles of facial expression?
the facial nerve
what is the function of platysma?
tightens the skin on the neck and contributes to facial expression
what nerve innervates platysma?
the facial nerve
what is the function of buccinator?
prevent food from collecting between the teeth and the cheek
what is the function of obicularis oculi?
it forms a circle around the eye and acts to close the eye
what is the function of orbicularis oris?
it forms a circle around the mouth and acts to close the mouth
is a more complex sphincter than obicualris oculi
what is the function of zygomaticus?
acts to raise the corners of the mouth
what is the function of levator labii?
acts to elevate the lips
what is the function of levator angulii superioris?
acts to elevate the corners of the mouth
what is the function of depressor labii?
acts to pull down the lips
what is the function of depressor anguli oris?
acts to pull down the corners of the mouth
what is the function of mentalis?
it is a small muscle that helps pull down the lower lip
where does risorius arise from and what is its function?
arises from the fascia above the carotid and attaches to the corner of the mouth and is used to make a happy smiling impression
what is the function of levator labii superiors alaeque?
it is a small muscle that helps to move the skin of the nasal area
what is the function of the facial nerve?
innervates the muscles of facial expression and so is motor supply to the face
what is the function of the trigeminal nerve?
supplies sensory innervation to the face and motor innervation to temporalis and masseter
how does the facial nerve emerge onto the face?
passes through the parotid gland
where does the facial artery arise from?
the third anterior branch of the external carotid artery
explain the course of the facial artery
it crosses the anterior surface of the mandible and forms branches that supply the face
it is torturous in shape and forms many bends as it crosses the face
explain the arterial supply to the forehead
the supratrochlear and supraorbital branches derived from branches of the internal carotid artery supply the forehead
explain the venous drainage of the face
the face is drained by the facial vein which drains into the internal jugular vein
what plexus does the facial vein communicate w/?
the pterygoid venous plexus that lies inside the infratemoporal fossa