Face

Question 1

The area common to scalp and face

Answer 1

Forehead

Question 2

The areas of face covered by deep fascia

Answer 2

Parotid gland and buccinator muscle

Question 3

Mention arteries of face with origin

Answer 3

ECA(main): Superficial temporal & facial
ICA: supraorbital & -trochlear
From maxillary: buccal, infra-orbital & mental

Question 4

Mention the landmark at which the facial art pierces the deep fascia, and that at which it ends

Answer 4

Antero-inferior angle of masseter
Medial angle of the eye

Question 5

GR: facial art has tortuous course

Answer 5

To permit free movement of mandible, lips & cheeks

Question 6

Mention the branches of facial art

Answer 6

Sup & inf labial
Lateral nasal
Angular
Unnamed muscular branches

Question 7

Mention an anastomosis between ICA & ECA in face

Answer 7

Anast. between facial art & dorsal nasal art which is a branch of opthalamic, this is the termination of facial art

Question 8

How is facial vein connected to cavernous sinus

Answer 8

1. It is connected to sup opthalamic vein that drains into the sinus
2. It is connected to pterygoid venous plexus by deep facial vein, this plexus connects to sinus by three emissary veins

Question 9

Mention parts of dangerous area of face

Answer 9

Upper lip, nose, medial angle of eye

Question 10

Mention areas of face not supplied by trigeminal nerve (sens.) and their supply

Answer 10

Small area over angle of mandible and capsule of parotid gland
Greater auricular (C2&3)

Question 11

Mention sensory nerves of the face & their origin

Answer 11

1. Ophthalamic: supratrochlear, infratrochlear, supraorbital, external nasal, palpebral branch of lacrimal
2. Maxillary: zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticofacial, infraorbital that gives palpebral, nasal & labial branches
3. Mandibular: auriculotemporal, mental, buccal

Question 12

Facial nerve leaves the skull through….

Answer 12

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 13

Mention branches of facial nerve

Answer 13

In neck, post auricular and muscular to post belly of digastric & stylohyoid
Terminal branches: temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical.

Question 14

GR, incisions in the face should ne horizontal

Answer 14

Because the branches of facial nerve radiate outwards across the face, thus the incision is parallel to reduce the likelihood of cutting them.

Question 15

Mention branches supplying
obicularis oculi muscle
Obicularis oris
Platysma

Answer 15

Temporal & zygomatic
Buccal
Cervical
All from facial nerve

Question 16

Describe lymph drainage of face

Answer 16

Medial to facial art, submandibular LN
Lateral to facial art, parotid LN
Central part of lower lip & chin is drained by submental LN

Question 17

The muscles of facial expression arise from …..

Answer 17

2nd pharyngeal arch

Question 18

Functions of muscles of facial expression

Answer 18

1. Act as sphincters or dilators to the openings of the face
2. Produce facial expression

Question 19

Mention part of orbicularis oculi with no lateral bony attachment

Answer 19

Orbital part

Question 20

Mention parts of o.oculi muscle attached to medial palpebral ligament

Answer 20

Orbital & palpebral (origin)

Question 21

Mention parts of o.oculi muscle attached to lat palpebral ligament

Answer 21

Palpebral & lacrimal (insertion)

Question 22

Describe actions of orbicularis oculi muscle

Answer 22

Orbital: closely shut eye
Palpebral: gently shut eye & spread tears
Lacrimal: dilate lacrimal sac, help in flow of tears

Question 23

Describe origin & insertion of middle fibers of buccinator

Answer 23

Originated from pterygomandibukar raphe
Its fibers decussate at the modiolus such that upper part is inserted in lower lip & vice versa

Question 24

Each quadrant in orbicularis oris is formed of ….&….

Answer 24

Large Pars peripheralis & small pars marginalis

Question 25

O.oris is formed if …. Segments

Answer 25

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