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CNS Anatomy > Cranial Cavity > Flashcards

Cranial Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Function of dural folds

A

They help stabilize the brain within the cranial cavity during movements of the head

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2
Q

Describe attachments of falx cerebri & inclusded sinuses

A

Apex, attached to crista galli & frontal crest
Base to tentorium cerebelli lodging straight sinus
Upper border to sagittal sulcus lodging SSS
Lower border encloses ISS

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3
Q

Describe attachments of falx cerebelli and included sinuses

A

Apex: attached to margin of foramen magnus
Base: attached to tentorium cerebelli
Posteriorly: attached to internal occipital crest encosing occipital sulcus
Anterior free border

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4
Q

Tentorium cereblli forms roof of ……

A

Posterior cranial fossa

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5
Q

Describe attachments of tentorium cerebelli

A

Attached to lips of transverse sulcus + posterior clinoid process
Free border forming U-shaped tentorial notch between anterior clinoid processes for passage of midbrain

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6
Q

As regards the tentorium, at the point of cross of its two margins…..is related, & ……is ant to point of crossing.

A

4th CN
3rd CN

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7
Q

Diaphragma sellae has opening for passage of…..

A

Infundibulum of pituitary gland

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8
Q

Describe blood supply of dura

A

Ant cranial fossa: ant & posterior ethmoidal arts + middle meningeal artery
Middle cranial fossa: middle & accessory meningeak + ascending pharyngeal
Posterior cranial fossa: meningeal branches of vertebral, occipital & ascending pharyngeal arts

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9
Q

Describe nerve supply of dura

A

ACF: ethmoidal mainly, maxillary partly
MCF: maxillary ant 1/2, mandibular post 1/2
PCF meningeal branches of 10th & 12th ns + recurrent branches of C1,2,3
The recurrent tentorial branch supplies the tentorium cerebelli

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10
Q

Dura is drained by….&…..

A

Meningeal veins drain into dural sinuses
Diploic veins

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11
Q

Mention 2 possible results of skull trauma

A

Extradural: arterial mainly middle meningeal art causes cerebral compression, less common
Subdural: venous, cerebral compression & RBC in CSF, more common

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12
Q

Mention multiple sinuses of the dura

A
  1. Intercavernous (ant,middle &post): connect two cavernous sinuses
  2. Basilar plexus of veins: connect 2 inf petrosal sinus
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13
Q

SSS begins at…..&end at….to continue as….

A

Crista galli
Internal occipital protuberance
Right transverse sinus

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14
Q

…..veins drain into SSS

A

Superior cerebral

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15
Q

Mention factors that control passage of blood outside cavernous sinuses

A

Pulsactions of ICA
Gravity
Position of head

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16
Q

Describe external relations of caverbous sinus

A

Ant: superior orbital fissure & apex of orbit
Post: apex of petrous temporal bone & crus cerebri of midbrain
Lat: temporl lobe
Med: pituitary gland & sphenoid air sinus
Sup: optic tarct & ICA
Inf: foramen lacerum

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17
Q

Mention structures in lateral wall of cavernous sinus

A

Oculomotor (divides into its two divisions anteriorly, trochlear, ophthalmic (divides into its 3 divisions anteriorly), maxillary nerve (passes through foramen rotundum)

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18
Q

Mention structures passing through carverous sinus

A

ICA with its sympathetic plexus & abducent nerve (inferoletral to the artery)

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19
Q

Describe resukt of fracture of anterior cranial fossa

A
  1. Bleeding and CSF discharge through nose (cerebrospinal rhinorrhea)
  2. Hemorrhage into orbital cavity & beneath conjunctiva (Black eye)
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20
Q

Mention contents of superior obital fissue from lateral to medial

A

Lacrimal, frontal, trochlear (oustside tendinous arch)
Superior division of oculomotor, nasocilliray, inferior division of oculomotor, abducent (inside tendinous arch)

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21
Q

Mention structures passing in foramen ovale

A

Mandibular nerve, motor division of V, accessory meningeal art, lesser petrosal nerve, emissary vein

22
Q

Mention structures passing in foramen spinosum

A
  1. Middle meningeal artery
  2. Meningeal branch of mandibular
23
Q

GR: the middle Cranial fossa is the weakest part

A

Due to many foramina it contains, sphenoid air sinus & middle ear cavity.

24
Q

What happens in case of middle cranial fossa fracture?

A

Bleeding & discharge CSF from ear
VI & VII CN are involved

25
Q

Mention the largest & deepest cranial fossa

A

Posterior

26
Q

Mention structures passing jugular foramen

A
  1. Inferior petrosal sinus (anteromedial)
  2. IJV (posterolateral)
  3. 9th, 10th, 11th CNs (intermediate compartment)
27
Q

What happens in case of posterior cranial fossa fracture?

A

Bleeding into pharynx
Blood escapes into nape of the neck & collects in posterior triangle of neck

28
Q

Mention tributaries of cavernous sinus

A

From orbit: sup & inf ophthalmic veins & central retinal
From brain: superficial middle cerebral vein, inf cerebral veins from temporal lobe
From meninges: sphenoparietal sinus & forntal trunk of middle meningeal vein

29
Q

Desceibe drainage if cavernous sinus

A

Sup petrosal sinus to tranverse sinus
Inf petrosal sinus to IJV

30
Q

Describe communications of cavernous sinsus

A

Pterygoid plexus via emissary veins
Facial v via sup opthalamic vein
The other sinus via 3 intercavernous sinuses

31
Q

Thrombosis of cavernous sinus affects …..CNs

A

III, IV, VI

32
Q

Carotid-cavernous sinus fistula leads to….

A

Uniltaeral pulsating exophthalmos

33
Q

Inferior sagittal sinus is joined with……

A

Great cerebral vein

34
Q

Stright sinus continues as…..
Transverse sinus unites with……to form….

A

Left transverse sinus
Suoerior petrosal sinus
Sigmoid sinus

35
Q

Mention emissary veins connected to superior sagittal sinus

A

With scalp through parietal foramen
With nasal veinsthrough foramen caecum

36
Q

Mention emissary veins connected to cavernous sinus

A

With pterygoid plexus, internal jugular vein (via inferior petrosal sinus) & facial vein

37
Q

Mention emissary veins connected to simoid sinus

A

With internal jugular vein, occipital vein & suboccipital plexus

38
Q

The trigeminal ganglion occupies a space of dura called…..

A

Cavum trigeminale

39
Q

Middle meningeal art passes between roots of…..&grooves……

A

Auriculotemporal
Squamous part of temporal bone

40
Q

Describe the supply given by middle meningeal arteries

A

Small branches to dura mater it is predominantly a periosteal artery supplying skull bones. It doesn’t supply brain or piaor anachnoid

41
Q

……is the thinnest part of the skull & is liable to fracture

A

Pterion

42
Q

Motor root of V passes through….to join….in

A

Foramen ovale
Mandibular nerve
Infratemporal fossa

43
Q

Accessory minenigeal aretry passes through….

A

Foramen ovale

44
Q

GR: Contralateral hemiplegia results from middle m.a. tear

A

As the frontal branch is commonly involved resulting in pressure on motor area

45
Q

Regarding middle meningeal vein, the frontal trunk ends in …..while parietal ends in….

A

Pterygoid venous plexus or sphenoparietal or cavernous sinus
Pterygoid v.p.

46
Q

Enumerate parts of ICA

A

Cervical, pertrous, cavernous & cerebral parts

47
Q

The ICA terminates as…..

A

Ant & middle meningeal arts

48
Q

Enumerate branches of petrous part of ICA

A

Corticotympanic & pterygoid branches

49
Q

Enumerate branches of cavernous part of ICA

A

Branches to trigerminal ganglion
Hypophyseal branch
Meningesl branch to ant cranial fossa

50
Q

Enumerate branches of cerebral part of ICA

A

Opthalmic, posterior communicating, ant choroidal & terminal branches.

CNS Anatomy (19 decks)

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