FA pg 450-451 Neuro Flashcards
what induces the overlying ectoderm to differentiate into neuroectoderm and neural plate
notochord
what gene is present in the notochord
sonic hedgehog
notochord becomes ———– in adults
nucleus pulposus
list the 3 major region that makes up the three primary vesicles of developing the brain
Forebrain,midbrain and hind brain
what do the prosencephalon form
telencephalon and diencephalon
what does telencephalon form
cerebral hemisphere and lateral ventricle
what does diencephalon form
thalamus and 3rd ventricle
what does the mesencephalon form
midbrain and aqueduct
what does the rhombocephalon divide to
metencephalon and mylencephalon
metencephalon forms
pons, cerebellum and upper part of 4th ventricle
what does the mylencephalon form
medulla and lower part of fourth ventricle
where do the microglia cells originate from
mesoderm
failure of the bony spinal canal to close with the dura intact is associated with what pathology
spinal bifida occulta (tuft of hair)
a spinal problem with normal AFP
spinal bifida occulta
diff btw meningocele and meningomylocele
meningocele: meninges herniate only thru spinal canal
meninogemylocele: meninges and spinal card herniation
frog like appearance with polyhydramnious and inc AFP
frog like appearance with polyhydramnious and inc AFP
anencephaly is associated with what 2 complication
maternal diabetes type 1
maternal folate supplementation
failure of left and right hemisphere to separate and what gene and disease is it associated with?
holopronscencephaly, sonic hedge hog gene and patau syndrome
what is cyclopia
most severe form of holopronscencephaly
lack of cerebral vermis and an cystic enlarged 4th ventricle? list 2 associations
Dandy walker
associated with hydrocephalus & spinal bifida
what disease is associated with memningomylocele
arnold chiara type 2
absence of cerebellum is seen in what disease
Dandy walker
