FA 2016 pg 475 - 479 Neuro Flashcards
(CN V2) goes through what foramen
foramen rotundum
CN I goes through what foramen? and what reproductive pathology is associated with CN 1
cribriform plate
kallman syndrome
CN III, IV, V1, VI, goes thru
SOF
central retina vein goes thru
optic canal & ophthalmic artery
middle meningeal artery goes through
foramen spinosum
what cranial nerve is been tested when you look down from already adducted eye
Superior Oblique (CN 4) trochlear
a damaged sublingual and submandibular gland, what CN is affected
CN 7
what nerve innervates the parotid gland
CN 9
head turning what nerve is responsible
Spinal accessory
Visceral Sensory information (e.g., taste, baroreceptors, gut distention). is seen in what vagal nuclei
Nucleus Solitarius
Motor innervation of pharynx, larynx, upper esophagus (e.g., swallowing, palate elevation) is seen in what nuclei
Nucleus aMbiguus
tongue movement is innervated by what nerve
hypoglosseal
Sends autonomic (parasympathetic) fibers to heart, lungs, upper GI. is by what vagal nuclei
Sends autonomic (parasympathetic) fibers to heart, lungs, upper GI. is by what vagal nuclei
Jaw deviates toward side of lesion due to unopposed force from the opposite pterygoid muscle is what CN lesion
CN V motor lesion
Uvula deviates away from side of lesion
CN X lesion
Weakness turning head to contralateral side of lesion
CN XI lesion
tongue deviates toward side of lesion
CN XII lesion
list three muscles to close the jaw
Masseter, Temporalis and Medial ptyerigoid
what muscles open the jaw
Lateral ptyerigoid
during an UMN Facial lesion what part of the head is spared due to bilateral UMN innervation
forehead
destruction of motor cortex or connection between motor cortex and facial nucleus in Pons causes what type of lestion
UMN facial nerve lesion
Hyperacusis loss of taste sensation in ant tongue is due to lesion of
LMN lesion of facial nerve (ipsilateral paralysis of upper and lower muscles of facial expression)
what nerve injury can ixodes tick cause?
bells palsy
ixodes tick is also a vector for ….
Babesia
what are all the causes of bells palsy
lyme disease, herpes simplex and herpes zoster, AIDS
treatment of facial palsy
steroids, acyclovir
with treatment do they undergo fast recovery of function ? T or F
F ( gradual recovery of function)
what virus cause Ramsay Hunt syndrome
Herpes zoster
what cranial nerve pass through the cavernous sinus
CN 3, 4, V1, V2 & 6
what artery is also found in the cavernous sinus
internal carotid artery
symptoms of cavernous sinus syndrome
variable ophthalmoplegia, dec corneal sensation, horner syndrome, dec maxillary sensation secondary to a pituitary tumor mass effect, carotid cavernous fistula cavernous sinus trombones related infection
what cranial nerve is most commonly injured in the cavernous sinus?
CN 6
what are the component of the outer ear
Pinna, auditory canal and eardrum
how does the outer ear transfers sound wave
via vibration of eardrum
what conducts and amplify sound from ear drums to inner ear
ossicles
what makes up the ossicles and where are they found
maleus incus and stapes in middle ear
Bonus: what brachial arch does maleus incus and stapes come from
Malleus & Incus (first brachial arch)
Stapes (2nd brachial arch)
Snail shaped fluid filled cochlea that contains basilar membranes that vibrates secondary to sound waves refers to the…..
inner ear
low frequency (wide & flexible) of sound heard at apex in the inner ear is near what area?
Helicotrema
High frequency (thin & rigid) is best heard at —-
base of cochlea
conductive ear loss
abnormal , Bone > ear (localized to affected ear)
Sensorineural ear loss
normal (air > Bone) localized to unaffected ear
Bonus :what Cardio pathology is associated with sensorineural ear loss & what is the mode of inheritance
Jervell and Lange-Neilsen syndrome & AR
Note: Romano ward syndrome is Not associated with deafness & AD (pure cardiac phenotype)
a 45 year living in mexico old man goes clubbing every day for the past 20 years. what kind of earing loss will he eventually develop, what is damaged and lead to rupture of what?
Noise Induced earring loss.
damage to steriociliated cells in organ of Corti.
loss of high frequency first.
Sudden extreme loud noise can cause ear loss due to tympanic membrane rupture
a conducting hearing loss which is caused by erosion of ossicles & mastoid hair cells refers to what pathology
cholesteatoma
what does CN v3 pass through
formane ovale
what does zinc deficiency cause
Anosmia
what bone disease affects the ossicles
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Paget disease affect what part of the ear
Auditory Tube
what is Ramsay Hunt disease?
as an acute peripheral facial neuropathy associated with erythematous vesicular rash of the skin of the ear canal, auricle (also termed herpes zoster oticus), and/or mucous membrane of the oropharynx.
what nerve is responsible for the periauricular tourch sensation of the ear
Vagus Nerve post auriculular (V2)
