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First Aid 2016 - Bolu > FA 2016 pg 343- 349 GI > Flashcards

FA 2016 pg 343- 349 GI Flashcards

1
Q

list the branches of the celiac trunk

A

Left gastric artery, splenic artery & common hepatic artery

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2
Q

ulcer at the lesser curvature of the stomach will affect what artery?

A

Left Gastric artery

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3
Q

true or false duodenal ulcers are malignant?

A

False

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4
Q

Epigastric pain that improves with meals and posterior ulcer, what artery could be damaged?

A

Gastroduodenal artery

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5
Q

In the celiac trunk strong anastomosis exist between …..

A

left & right gastroepiploic

left & right Gastric

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6
Q

what anastomoses are seen in esophageal varices

A

left gastric & Azygous (apparently not with “esophageal” based on FA 2016)

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7
Q

what the anastomoses in anorectal varices

A

superior rectal—-middle & inferior Rectal

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8
Q

anastomoses between paraumbilical vein to small epigastric vein of the anterior abdominal wall is seen in what clinical sign

A

Caput Medusae

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9
Q

what two pathology is seen above the pectinate line?

A

Adenocarcinoma & internal hemorrhoids

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10
Q

why are internal hemorrhoids not painful

A

due to visceral inervation

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11
Q

what is the lymphatic drainage above the pectinate line

A

internal iliac lymph nodes

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12
Q

describe the venous drainage above the pectinate line

A

superior rectal—inf rectal—mesentary vein — portal system

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13
Q

what lymphatic drains the testes and ovaries

A

para-aortic

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14
Q

what pathology is seen below the pectinate line

A

ext hemorrhoids, squamous cell cancer

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15
Q

what nerve branch is responsible for the somatic innervation of Ext Hemmorhoids

A

inferior rectal branch of pedental nerve

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16
Q

lymphatic drainage below the pectinate line

A

superficial inguinal nodes

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17
Q

what location do the tear of anal fissure take place

A

below the pectinate line posteriorly because it is poorly perfused

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18
Q

list presentation of anal fissure

A

pain while pooping

Blood on toilet Paper

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19
Q

Anal fissure is associated with what two things?

A

low fiber diet & constipation

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20
Q

the blood supply below the pectinate line come from what branch?

A

Inferior Rectal artery which is a branch of

Internal Pudental artery

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21
Q

macrophage in the liver is also called?

A

Kupffer cells

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22
Q

What cells in the space of disse stores VIt A, and also produces ECM when activated?

A

Ito cells aka hepatic stellate cells

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23
Q

what zone of the liver is first affected by viral hepatitis

A

periportal zone (zone 1)

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24
Q

what zone in the liver does cocaine affect?

A

periportal zone (zn 1)

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25
Q

yellow fever targets what zone in the liver?

A

intermediate zone (zone 2)

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26
Q

which zone is affected 1st by ischemia

A

zone 3 ( centrillobular)

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27
Q

what zone do you see the pericentral vein?

A

zone 3

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28
Q

what zone is the most sensitive to metabolic toxins

A

zn 3

29
Q

what zone is the site for alcohol hepatitis

A

zone 3

30
Q

what zone contains cytc p450

A

zn 3

31
Q

blood get into the systemic circulation via what vein and what pathology affects it?

A

Hepatic vein & Bud Chiari

32
Q

Gall stones that block the common bile duct and pancreatic duct at the ampulla of Vater causes what two pathologies?

A

cholangitis & Pancreatitis

33
Q

list all the causes of acute pancreatitis?

A

I GET SMASHED

34
Q

what type of pathology is associated with the head of the pancreas that cause painless jaundice

A

Ductal adenocarcinoma (obstruct common bile duct)

35
Q

where is the position of the femoral vein in relation to the femoral artery in the femoral triangle

A

femoral vein is medial to the femoral artery (remember NAVEL from Lateral to Medial)

36
Q

list the items present in the femoral triangle

A

VAN is present in the femoral triangle

37
Q

which structure is not found in the femoral sheet

A

femoral n

38
Q

Cremastic muscle and fascia comes from what inguinal canal structure?

A

Internal oblique

39
Q

Transversals Fascia becomes what part of spermatic cord?

A

internal spermatic fascia

40
Q

External Oblique becomes

A

external spermatic Fascia

41
Q

what is the site of protrusion of direct Hernia?

A

Abdominal wall

42
Q

What is the site of protrusion of Indirect Hernia

A

Deep (internal) inguinal Ligament

43
Q

Complicated hernias present with what symptoms?

A

Tenderness, Erythema & Fever

44
Q

defect of pleuroperitoneal membrane refers to what disease?

A

Diaphragmatic hernia

45
Q

why does Diaphragmatic Hernia commonly occur on the left side?

A

due to the protection of the right Hemidiaphragm by the liver

46
Q

what is hiatal hernia

A

Cardia of the stomach herniate upwards thru the esophagus hiatus of the diaphragm

47
Q

Hour Glass stomach refers to?

A

Sliding hiatal Hernia

48
Q

what is a complication of sliding hiatal hernia

A

GERD

49
Q

Bonus: list clinical features of GERD

A

Heartburn (mimicking cardiac chest pain), Asthma & Cough, Damage to the Enamel of teeth and ulceration with strictures

50
Q

DOUBLE BONUS: what is a complication of GERD

A

Barrett Esophagus

51
Q

Triple Bonus: what kind of cancer is associated with Barret Esophagus?

A

Adenocarcinoma

52
Q

Fundus protruding into the thorax is seen in what pathology?

A

Paraesophageal Hernia

53
Q

what is the most common type of diaphragmatic Hernia

A

Sliding Hiatal

54
Q

goes through the deep inguinal ring and superficial inguinal ring then into the scrotum refers to …….

A

Indirect Hernia

55
Q

Occurs in infants due to failure of the processus Vaginialis

A

Indirect hernia

56
Q

what other pathology is associated with failure of process vaginalis

A

hydrocele

57
Q

Occurs lateral to inferior epigastric artery

A

Indirect

58
Q

what type of Hernia is covered by all three layers of the spermatic fascia

A

Indirect

59
Q

protrudes through the hesselbach triangle

A

Direct

60
Q

Goes through the external inguinal ring only

A

direct

61
Q

covered by external spermatic fascia

A

Direct

62
Q

type of Hernia Usually in older adult

A

Direct

63
Q

Medial to Inf epigastric artery

A

Direct

64
Q

protrudes through the inguinal ligament through femoral canal below and lateral to pubic tubercle

A

femoral hernia

65
Q

what type of hernia is more common in females

A

femoral hernia

66
Q

what makes up the hesselback triangle

A

inferior epigastric artery lateral border of the rectus abdomens & Inguinal Ligament

67
Q

Quadruple Bonus: whats another name for Inguinal ligament

A

Poupart ligament

68
Q

what zone is affected by hemochromatosis

A

zone 1

First Aid 2016 - Bolu (10 decks)

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