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First Aid 2016 - Bolu > FA 2016 pg 48-51 Biochem > Flashcards

FA 2016 pg 48-51 Biochem Flashcards

1
Q

Histones are rich in which 2 amino acids

A

arginine & Lysine

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2
Q

what is an Heterochromatin and whats an example

A

condensed and appears dark on EM
transcriptionally inactive

barr bodies are a type of heterochromatin

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3
Q

what s Euchromatin

A

less condensed & transcriptionally active

Lighter on EM

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4
Q

which nucleotide is the template strands undergo methylation

A

cytosine & adenine

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5
Q

methylation represses transcription T or F

A

T

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6
Q

acetylation allows transcription T or F

A

T

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7
Q

what is a nucleoside made up off

A

Base and sugar (ribose)

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8
Q

what is a nucleotide made up off

A

Base, sugar and phosphate

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9
Q

how is the phosphate group linked in a nucleotide and in what direction

A

using phosphodiesterase bond at 3’-5’ direction

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10
Q

what amino acid is necessary for the formation of purine synthesis

A

Glycine Aspartate & Glutamate

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11
Q

what are the starting products of pyrimidine synthesis

A

glutamate and Co2

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12
Q

caramel phosphate to orotic acid is blocked by what drug

A

leflunomide

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13
Q

inhibits dhydroorotate dehydrogenase what drug?

A

Leflunomide

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14
Q

a 3 year old boy is brought to the ER for swollen hands and feet. The boys older brother died at the age of 7 from pneumonia. Physical examination shows a wedge shape infracts in the spleen, what is the MOA for the medication to treat this boy.

A

Hydroxyurea (inhibit ribonucleotide reductase)

diagnosis sickle cell

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15
Q

what three drugs inhibit dihydrofolate reductase

A

methotrexate, trimethoprim and pyrimethamine

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16
Q

what is the antidote to treat the drug that inhibit thymidylate synthase

A

Uridine used for 5FU toxicity

17
Q

what other drug has the same mechanism of action as Mycophenolate

A

RIbavirin (block InosineMono Phosphate dehydrogenase)

18
Q

what two drugs inhibit de novo purine synthesis

A

azathioprine and 6MP

19
Q

what are the findings in Lesch Nyhan syndrome

A

intellectual disability, self-mutilation, aggression, hyperuricemia, gout, dystonia

20
Q

DNA replication is conservative T or F

A

F (it is semiconservative involving both continuous and discontinuous synthesis)

21
Q

what specific sequence is found on promoters and origin of replication

A

AT-Rich sequence

22
Q

deficiency in the protein that unwinds DNA template at replication fork is called?

A

Bloom syndrome (deficiency of Helicase)

23
Q

what prevents strands from re-annealing

A

single stranded binding proteins

24
Q

what are the functions of DNA polymerase 3

A

has a 5’-3’ synthesis & 3’-5’ exonuclease proofreading activity

25
Q

what enzyme degrades RNA primer

A

DNA polymerase 1

26
Q

what enzyme makes RNA primer

A

primase

27
Q

what enzyme has a 5’-3’ exonuclease activity

A

DNA polymerase 1

28
Q

A RNA-Dependent DNA polymerase that adds DNA to 3’end of chromosomes to prevent loss of genetic material is called———

A

telomerase (eukaryote only)

29
Q

muscle weakness and pain after intense exercise and no ketones

A

MCAD deficiency (presence of dicarboxylic acid is diagnostic)

30
Q

what enzyme deficiency is associated with sudden infant death syndrome

A

MCAD

31
Q

doll like faces, protruding tongue hepatomegaly and hyperuricemia refers to what disease?

A

Von Gierke (def of glucose-6 phosphatase)

32
Q

AR disorder that is due to deficiency of neutral amino acids

A

Hartnups disease

33
Q

What G.I Pathology is associated with CPG methylation

A

serrated polyps

34
Q

what are the symptoms of Bloom syndrome

A

No helicase cause short stature, rash from sun, cafe au lait, leukemia, lymphoma

35
Q

what is the triad of SCID

A

recurrent infection, diarrhea and failure to thrive

36
Q

what is responsible for joining okazaki fragment together

A

DNA ligase

First Aid 2016 - Bolu (10 decks)

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