EYES

Question 1

eye assessment should always begin with what test?

Answer 1

visual acuity

Question 2

what ares does visual acuity test? (3)

Answer 2

optical media, macular area, neural elements

Question 3

what do you use for distance vision test?

Answer 3

snellen chart

Question 4

distance of patient from snellen chart?

Answer 4

6 meters / 20 feet

Question 5

what test may be done to detence errors of refraction during distance vision test?

Answer 5

pinhole test

Question 6

what are the letters called in the snellen chart?

Answer 6

octotypes

Question 7

what do you use for near vision test?

Answer 7

jaeger’s chart

Question 8

test distance in near vision test?

Answer 8

35 mm / 7 inches

Question 9

jaeger’s chart is usually used on patients aged?

Answer 9

less than 35 years old

Question 10

refers to how light is reflected in the corneas of the eyes

Answer 10

corneal light reflex

Question 11

eye turned inward

Answer 11

esotropia

Question 12

eye turned outward

Answer 12

exotropia

Question 13

eye turned upward

Answer 13

hypertropia

Question 14

eye turned downward

Answer 14

hypotropia

Question 15

refers to constriction of pupil in reaction to light

Answer 15

pupillary light reaction

Question 16

tests of 6 cardianl directions of gaze, one eye at a time

Answer 16

duction

Question 17

One muscle group (agonists) must relax to allow another group (antagonists) to contract. This is called reciprocal inhibition

Answer 17

sherrington’s law of reciprocal innervation

Question 18

• simultaneous movement of eyes from a primary position to a secondary position (6 cardinal)
• test for yoke muscles

Answer 18

version

Question 19

states that eye muscles or eyelid muscles of each eye are equally innervated

Answer 19

herring’s law of equal innervation

Question 20

what does OD, OS, OU mean?

Answer 20

OD - right (oculus dexter)
OS - left (oculus sinister)
OU - both (oculus uterque)

Question 21

• measurement of intraocular pressure
• indirect measure of the aqueous fluid dynamic of the eye
• used in evaluation of glaucoma, ocular inflammation, injuries to the eye from trauma

Answer 21

tonometry

Question 22

what technique should be used to applied when doing tonometry?

Answer 22

bimanual palpation

Question 23

• direct inspection of the retina, optic nerve, and choroid
• use of direct opthalmoscope

Answer 23

fundoscopy

Question 24

a reflective phenomenon seen when light passes through the pupil and is reflected back off the retina to a viewing aperture, creating a reddish orange glow

Answer 24

ROR (red orange reflex)

Question 25

a bright pinpoint of light that is observed to move sideways or up and down in response to movement of the opthalmoscope

Answer 25

foveal reflex

Question 26

represents the depression in the optic disc in which neural tissue is absent and is compared to the overall optic disc size

Answer 26

C/D ratio

Question 27

a small or large C/D ratio may suggest?

Answer 27

glaucoma