Eyes 1

Question 1

sensation

Answer 1

process of receiving, converting, and transmitting raw sensory information from the external and internal environments to the brain

Question 2

perception

Answer 2

process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory information

Question 3

function of eye

Answer 3

capture light waves and focus them on receptors on the back of the eyeball

Question 4

light is a type of

energy is proportional to

Answer 4

electromagnetic radiation

frequency or wavelength

Question 5

high frequency

Answer 5

(short wavelength): Gamma radiation and cool colors - high energy

Question 6

low frequency

Answer 6

(long wavelength): Radio waves and hot colors - low energy

Question 7

wavelength

Answer 7

determines color, hue (inversely related to frequency)

Question 8

frequency

Answer 8

determines color, hue (inversely related to wavelength)

Question 9

amplitude

Answer 9

determines brightness, intensity

Question 10

optics

Answer 10

Study of light rays and their interactions

Question 11

reflection

Answer 11

Bouncing of light rays off a surface

Question 12

absorption

Answer 12

Transfer of light energy to a particle or surface

Question 13

refraction

Answer 13

Bending of light rays from one medium to another due to change in the speed of the light ray

Question 14

conjunctiva

Answer 14

thin membrane that folds back from the inside of the eyelids, attaches to the sclera, and covers the cornea, vascularized

Question 15

extraocular muscles

Answer 15

control movement of eye

Question 16

Cornea –

Answer 16

transparent external surface over pupil; continuous with sclera, refracts incoming light rays

Question 17

Sclera –

Answer 17

white tough outer coating on eyeball

Question 18

Iris –

Answer 18

pigmented area; muscles that varies pupil size; inner circular muscles constrict pupil, outer radial muscles dilate pupil pattern unique to each individual, developed in the womb

Question 19

Pupil –

Answer 19

opening through which light enters eye

Question 20

retina

Answer 20

back of eye; layers of sensory cells and receptors where visual information captured to be transmitted to brain

Question 21

macula lutea

Answer 21

middle area of retina for central vision, mostly cones but some rods, “spot”

Question 22

fovea centralis

Answer 22

center of macula where image is focused on back of eye; retina is thin here and only contains cones, “pit”

Question 23

optic nerve

Answer 23

retinal axons converge and leave the eye

Question 24

optic disk

Answer 24

where optic nerve fibers exit the eye therefore no sensory cells and creates “blind spot”
“blind spot” where axons leave eye
*No photoreceptors here – brain constantly fills in for them

Question 25

choroid

Answer 25

layer beneath retina with blood vessels to nourish cells of retina and melanin to absorb light so light won’t bounce around inside posterior chamber

Question 26

tapetum lucidum

Answer 26

area of choroid where melanin is absent and replaced with reflective tissue so that light can be collected and reflected in a controlled manner in the posterior chamber, causing good night vision

Question 27

ciliary body

Answer 27

composed of muscles which change the shape of the lens, secretes aqueous humor

Question 28

ora serrata

Answer 28

serrated junction between the retina and the ciliary body

Question 29

lens

Answer 29

stretched and contracted to focus on nearby and far away objects

Question 30

zone fibers

Answer 30

(zonules) suspensory ligaments that attach the lens to the ciliary body

Question 31

aqueous humor

Answer 31

watery fluid in anterior chamber between cornea and iris and posterior chamber between the iris and lens that nourishes the cornea and lens; produced by ciliary body, flows around iris, and exits through canals at the cornea sclera junction that drain to veins in the orbit

Question 32

vitreous humor

Answer 32

jelly-like fluid in vitreous chamber behind lens; keeps eyeball round and keeps retina flat against back of eye