Eye Witness Memory Flashcards
Most wrongful convictions are due to ___________________.
Eye witness error
The _________________ is the idea that in order to form a memory to inform the police later on, you have to pay attention to what the scene is and perceive whatever the situation will be.
Information processing approach
____________________ is where your brain takes the info you paid attention to and puts it in a form that the brain can manipulate.
Encoding
____________________ is the stage where information is manipulated (e.g. the guy has a tattoo, you encode the arm, and you process it).
Processing (working memory)
_____________________ is where your brain keeps the information in long-term memory.
Storing
__________________ is where you have no preconceived idea of what’s going on (e.g. given a stimulus where you try to make sense of it but you can’t).
Bottom-up processing
____________________ is when we are coming into a situation with knowledge, biases, and expectations. These affect the way we process the stimulus (e.g. song in class played backwards).
Top-down processing
Attention and encoding effects ___________________.
Witness characteristics and stimulus chararcterisitcs
Processing and storage effects ____________________.
Knowledge base and depth of processing
_______________________ is how long it took to process the memory (e.g. questioned two days later)
Delay rehearsal
___________________________ is the idea that memory and stress follow an inverted U.
Yerkes Dodson law
_________________________ is when you have an accurate memory of a face but apply it to the wrong context (e.g. man on live television gets used as the perpetrator).
Unconscious transference
____________________ are that there are some things that the legal system CAN’T control that affect eyewitness memory (e.g. whether the victim was wearing glasses, whether she was stressed or not stressed).
Estimator variables
____________________ are factors that affect eyewitness accuracy that the legal system CAN control.
System variables
In ____________________, witnesses are generally quite accurate.
Target present lineups
