Eye stuff to review Flashcards
Sudden/Acute painless monocular vision loss
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
white hazy irregularity of the cornea with gray ragged /jagged border
Corneal ulceration (Keratitis). OPHTHALMOLOGIC EMERGENCY!
Dendritic pattern on fluorescein eye examination
herpes simplex virus
“Blood and Thunder” or “tortuous, and dilated retinal veins” ophthalmoscope exam
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
edematous, pale retina with a cherry-red spot
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Which one requires an emergent ophthalmology referral CRAO or CRVO?
CRAO
Painless monocular change in vision
CRAO, CRVO, retinal detachment, Amaurosis fugax
Which bacterial conjunctivitis is most commonly seen in new borns in the first 3-5 days of life?
Neisseria gonnorrhea
Which bacterial conjunctivitis is most commonly seen in new borns after the first week, usually 1-2 weeks after birth?
Chlamydia trachomatis
Fast phase of nystagmus towards affected side
Central lesion
Fast phase of nystagmus towards opposite side
Peripheral lesion
Unidirectional nystagmus
Peripheral lesion
Omni directional nystagmus
Central lesion
Ophthalmologic emergencies that require immediate referral
CRAO, corneal ulcer, rust ring after metal foreign metal body (24-48 hours), closed angle galucoma
Ophthalmologic emergencies that require immediate referral
CRVO, corneal ulcer, rust ring after metal foreign metal body,
Unilateral blurred vision and loss of vision like “ black curtain coming down” that DOES NOT resolve spontaneously
Retinal detachment
Painful foreign body sensation
Corneal abrasion, ultraviolet keratitis
Painful pus pocket in anterior chamber (Hypopyon).
Endophthalmitis
Ball directly hits the eye? Which bone?
Maxillary bone
upward gaze diplopia, decreased extraoccular eye movements after getting hit in the eye with a ball, punched, or trauma directly to eye
Blowout fracture (maxillary bone)
Sudden pain and vision loss in dim lighting
Acute angle galucoma
Sandpaper feeling in eye and crusting of eyelashes
Blepharitis
If CRAO what other test should you do?
EGK to rule out cardiac caused emboli
Traumatic retinoschisis along with intracranial or intraocular hemorrhages in a child under 5
Shaken baby syndrome
punctuate corneal lesions w/ ocular painful foreign body sensation
Ultraviolet Keratitis
Normal intraocular pressure
12-21 mm Hg
cryo therapy and laser photocoagulation, scleral buckle therapy, pneumatic retinopexy and vitrectomy.
Retinal detachment
HIV patient w/ white, fluffy perivascular retinal lesions, hemorrhages, and necrosis.
cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis
triangular-shaped wedge of conjunctival tissue
pterygium
yellow, slightly raised conjunctival lesion that does not progress onto the cornea
pinguecula
Optic neuritis is strongly associated with…
multiple sclerosis
Lens opacity
Cataract
acute painful monocular loss of vision
Optic neuritis, closed angle glaucoma
Risk factor for chalazion
Hx of blepharitis
Risk factors for pterygium and pinguecula
Working outdoors in sun with no sunglasses.
Unilateral, supratemporal orbital pain and swelling
Dacryoadenitis Tx with NSAIDS and cephalasporins
Unilateral severe pain below eye on nasal side, redness and epiphora (overflow of tears)
Dacryocystitis
Etanercept used in which eye condition?
Wet age-related macular degeneration
Aniscora
Difference in pupil sizes
Drusen spots
Macular Degeneration
Tx for dacrocystitis
Warm compresses with nasolacrimal massage. Oral and Topical ABX=Clindamycin or Vanco + Ceftriaxone for refractory
Eye pain w/ ciliary flush
Iritis
Eye pain w/ limbic flush
Keratitis/Conrneal ulcer
Medication that can reduce risk of cataracts
Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors)
Tx for orbital cellulitis
3rd gen ceph. (ceftriaxone) + Vancomycin
decreased visual acuity caused by visual deprivation or abnormal binocular interaction
Amblyopia, can be due to untreated strabismus
collection of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
Hyphema
Afferent pupillary defect and decreased visual acuity
Optic neuritis
