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Neuro > Eye pathologies 2 > Flashcards

Eye pathologies 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Infectious causes of congenital cataracts

A 
Toxoplasma
Syphilis
Rubella
CMV
HSV
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2
Q

Genetic causes of congenital cataracts

A 
Trisomies
Marfan syndrome
Alport syndrome
Refsum disease
myotonic dystrophy
neurofibromatosis t2
Inborn errors of metabolism
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3
Q

Another name for stye

A

Hordeolum

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4
Q

Most common pathogen in styes

A

staph aureus

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5
Q

What is a stye

A

Infection of the eyelid sebaceous glands

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6
Q

Chalazion what is it

A

Obstruction of sebaceous glands of the eyelids without infection

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7
Q

Causes of infectious conjunctivitis

A

Viral- adenovirus, HSV, VZV

Bacteria- gonococcal, chlamydial

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8
Q

Common cause of non infectious nonallergic conjunctivitis in newborns

A

Chemical conjunctivitis caused by ophthalmic silver nitrate against ocular gonococcal infection

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9
Q

Time of presentation after birth for conjunctivitis

A

Chemical - 1 day after delivery
Gonococcal- between day 2 and 7
Chlamydia - between day 5 and 14

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10
Q

Infectious causes keratoconjunctivitis

A

Adenovirus

HSV 1

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11
Q

Non infectious cause of keratitis

A

Sicca (dry eye disease) –> sjogren syndrome

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12
Q

Uveitis is associated with _____

A

Systemic inflammatory conditions

And HLA - B27

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13
Q

What is the distinguishing feature between anterior and posterior uveitis

A

Pain
Anterior uveitis - has pain
Posterior uveitis - painless

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14
Q

Cause of retinitis

A

CMV in immunocompromised

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15
Q

Appearance on fundoscopy of retinitis

A

Pizza pie appearance: retinal hemorrhages, fluffy white patches around retinal vessels

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16
Q

Pathphysiology of graves opthalmopathy

A

TSIgs –> activate T cells in retro- orbital space

17
Q

Most common presentation of orbital cellulitis

A

Secondary to sinusitis (ethmoiditis- in young children)

  • pain with eye movements
  • Proptosis, redness, swelling, ophthalmoplegia, fever, chills,
18
Q

pathphys of cataract

A

Osmotically active substances accumulate in the lens –> osmotic cellular damage
Sorbitol in DM
gALACTIOL in classic

19
Q

Cataracts clinical presentation

A

Painless bilateral visual impairment - progressive over many years

20
Q

Most common type of glaucoma

A

Open angle

Neuro (13 decks)

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