Eye Meds

Question 1

used frequently to locate extraocular lesions or foreign objects, evaluate dry eyes, or evaluate extraocular changes

Answer 1

diagnostic stains

Question 2

visualize for defects and contact fittings.

yellow/green when under cobalt blue or wood lamp

Answer 2

fluorescein stain

Question 3

to visualize defects or dry eye

pink-violet color

Answer 3

rose bengal

Question 4

visualize defects and dry eyes

defective cells stained green

Answer 4

lissamine green

Question 5

used in some eye exams and ophthalmic procedures by locally blocking pain signals

Answer 5

topical anesthetics (proparacaine HCl and tetracaine HCl)

Question 6

corneal anesthesia usually starts within ___ and lasts about ___

Answer 6

1 min (15sec) and 15 min

Question 7

what reflex is lost with topical eye anesthetics

Answer 7

blink (corneal epithelium may become dry; need to protect eye)

Question 8

“pink eye”

Answer 8

conjuctivitis

Question 9

infection of margins of the eyelid

Answer 9

blepharitis

Question 10

infection of meibomian glands of eyelids that produce cysts

Answer 10

chalazion

Question 11

infection and inflammation of inner eye

Answer 11

endophthalmitis

Question 12

local infection of eyelash follicles and glands “stye”

Answer 12

hordeolum

Question 13

corneal infection/inflammation

Answer 13

keratitis

Question 14

infection of vascular layer of eye

Answer 14

uveitis

Question 15

meds that are frequently used for eye infections

Answer 15

antiinfectives (antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals)

Question 16

dry eyes

Answer 16

xerophthalmia

Question 17

treats inflammatory conditions of the eye not related to infectious pathogens

Answer 17

antiinflammatories (NSAIDS and corticosteriods)

Question 18

when allergies are the cause of eye inflammation use what

Answer 18

antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers

Question 19

to treat eye inflammation that presents with redness due to vascular congestion of the conjunctiva

Answer 19

decongestants (vasoconstrict)

Question 20

do what when applying ophthalmic decongestants

Answer 20

occlude lacrimal duct (increase SNS and contraindicated in POAG)

Question 21

moisten eyes to alleviate discomfort such as burning or irritation

Answer 21

lubricants

Question 22

overproduction of the fluid or improper drainage causes IOP to increase and this buildup of pressure can damage the optic nerve and result in ____

Answer 22

glaucoma

Question 23

2 types of glaucoma

Answer 23

open and closed

Question 24

most common type of glaucoma that develops overtime as the trabecular meshwork becomes clogged for unknown reasons

Answer 24

POAG

Question 25

glaucoma that occurs as a result of an injury, disease, or medication

Answer 25

secondary glaucoma

Question 26

people at risk for glaucoma should avoid what med

Answer 26

decongestants

Question 27

each category acts in different ways to decrease IOP

Answer 27

1. prostaglandin analogues
2. beta blockers
3. alpha agonists
4. cholinergic agents
5. carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
6. systemic hyperosmotic drugs

Question 28

first-line drugs in POAG and ocular hypertension

darkening of eyelid and eyelash hypertrichosis

Answer 28

prostaglandin analogues
(-prost)

Question 29

cause miosis and contraction of ciliary muscle which help the outflow of aqueous humor

Answer 29

cholingeric agents (pilocarpine)

same action as parasympathetic neurotransmitter acetylcholine

Question 30

first-line treatment in glaucoma decreasing IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor

Answer 30

beta blockers (selective or nonselective)

-olol

Question 31

since beta blockers can cause systemic effects (slowing HR, AV block, and heart failure) what med do you need available

Answer 31

atropine

Question 32

control or prevent IOP post-surgically by decreasing production and improving outflow of aqueous humor

contraindication: MAOI therapy

Answer 32

alpha agonists

-nidine

Question 33

decrease IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor and initially developed as diuretics used for POAG and closed

Answer 33

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

-zolamide

polyuria (watch fluid and electrolyte balances)

SULFA DRUG

Question 34

wait ___ min before giving another eye drop

Answer 34

5

Question 35

dilate the pupils

Answer 35

mydriatics

Question 36

paralyze the muscles of accomodation

Answer 36

cycloplegics

Question 37

a classification that is both a mydriatic and cycloplegic

Answer 37

anticholinergic

contraindicated in angle-closure glaucoma