Eye Meds Flashcards

1
Q

used frequently to locate extraocular lesions or foreign objects, evaluate dry eyes, or evaluate extraocular changes

A

diagnostic stains

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2
Q

visualize for defects and contact fittings.

yellow/green when under cobalt blue or wood lamp

A

fluorescein stain

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3
Q

to visualize defects or dry eye

pink-violet color

A

rose bengal

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4
Q

visualize defects and dry eyes

defective cells stained green

A

lissamine green

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5
Q

used in some eye exams and ophthalmic procedures by locally blocking pain signals

A

topical anesthetics (proparacaine HCl and tetracaine HCl)

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6
Q

corneal anesthesia usually starts within ___ and lasts about ___

A

1 min (15sec) and 15 min

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7
Q

what reflex is lost with topical eye anesthetics

A

blink (corneal epithelium may become dry; need to protect eye)

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8
Q

“pink eye”

A

conjuctivitis

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9
Q

infection of margins of the eyelid

A

blepharitis

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10
Q

infection of meibomian glands of eyelids that produce cysts

A

chalazion

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11
Q

infection and inflammation of inner eye

A

endophthalmitis

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12
Q

local infection of eyelash follicles and glands “stye”

A

hordeolum

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13
Q

corneal infection/inflammation

A

keratitis

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14
Q

infection of vascular layer of eye

A

uveitis

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15
Q

meds that are frequently used for eye infections

A

antiinfectives (antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals)

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16
Q

dry eyes

A

xerophthalmia

17
Q

treats inflammatory conditions of the eye not related to infectious pathogens

A

antiinflammatories (NSAIDS and corticosteriods)

18
Q

when allergies are the cause of eye inflammation use what

A

antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers

19
Q

to treat eye inflammation that presents with redness due to vascular congestion of the conjunctiva

A

decongestants (vasoconstrict)

20
Q

do what when applying ophthalmic decongestants

A

occlude lacrimal duct (increase SNS and contraindicated in POAG)

21
Q

moisten eyes to alleviate discomfort such as burning or irritation

A

lubricants

22
Q

overproduction of the fluid or improper drainage causes IOP to increase and this buildup of pressure can damage the optic nerve and result in ____

23
Q

2 types of glaucoma

A

open and closed

24
Q

most common type of glaucoma that develops overtime as the trabecular meshwork becomes clogged for unknown reasons

25
glaucoma that occurs as a result of an injury, disease, or medication
secondary glaucoma
26
people at risk for glaucoma should avoid what med
decongestants
27
each category acts in different ways to decrease IOP
1. prostaglandin analogues 2. beta blockers 3. alpha agonists 4. cholinergic agents 5. carbonic anhydrase inhibitors 6. systemic hyperosmotic drugs
28
first-line drugs in POAG and ocular hypertension darkening of eyelid and eyelash hypertrichosis
prostaglandin analogues (-prost)
29
cause miosis and contraction of ciliary muscle which help the outflow of aqueous humor
cholingeric agents (pilocarpine) same action as parasympathetic neurotransmitter acetylcholine
30
first-line treatment in glaucoma decreasing IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor
beta blockers (selective or nonselective) -olol
31
since beta blockers can cause systemic effects (slowing HR, AV block, and heart failure) what med do you need available
atropine
32
control or prevent IOP post-surgically by decreasing production and improving outflow of aqueous humor contraindication: MAOI therapy
alpha agonists -nidine
33
decrease IOP by decreasing the production of aqueous humor and initially developed as diuretics used for POAG and closed
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors -zolamide polyuria (watch fluid and electrolyte balances) SULFA DRUG
34
wait ___ min before giving another eye drop
5
35
dilate the pupils
mydriatics
36
paralyze the muscles of accomodation
cycloplegics
37
a classification that is both a mydriatic and cycloplegic
anticholinergic contraindicated in angle-closure glaucoma