Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists Flashcards
acts on smooth muscles and glands
Functions include: control and regulation of the heart, respiratory system, GI tract, bladder, eyes, and glands
autonomic nervous system
the 4 types of the adrenergic receptor organ cells
alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2
mimic the sympathetic neurotransmitters norepi and epi
sympathomimetics
increases force of heart contraction; vasoconstriction increases blood pressure; mydriasis (pupil dilation); saliva secretion decreases; urinary bladder relaxation and urinary sphincter contraction increases
Alpha1 (vasoconstriction)
Inhibits release of norepi; dilates blood vessels; produces hypotension; decreases GI motility and tone
Alpha2 (vasodilation)
Increases HR and force of contraction; increases renin secretion, which increases BP
Beta1 (increase HR and increase contractility)
Dilates bronchioles; promotes GI and uterine relaxation; promotes increase in blood glucose through glycogenolysis in the liver; increases blood flow in skeletal muscles
Beta2 (bronchodilation)
located in the renal, mesenteric, coronary, and cerebral arteries
vessels dilate and blood flow increases
dopaminergic
3 categories of sympathomimetics
- direct-acting (directly stimulate adrenergic receptor)
- indirect-acting (stimulate release of norepi)
- mixed-acting (both direct and indirect)
example of mixed-acting
pseudoephedrine and ephedrine
___ are chemical structures of a substance, either endogenous or synthetic, that can produce a sympathomimetic response
catecholamines
examples of endogenous catecholamines
epi, norepi, and dopamine
examples of synthetic catecholamines
isoproterenol and dobutamine
examples of noncatecholamines that stimulate adrenergic receptors
phenylephrine, metaproterenol, and albuterol
which receptors does epi act on?
alpha1, beta1, and beta2 (nonselective)
increase BP, pupil dilation, increase HR, and bronchodilation; decreases renal perfusion which decreases urinary output (oliguria)