Eye drops Flashcards
Dose of atropine drops
0.5%
1%
Mechanism of atropine drops
Parasympathetic inhibition (anticholinergic)
Dilates the pupil as prevents iris sphincter muscle from contracting and ciliary muscle for accommodation
Length of action of atropine
1 - 2 weeks
Cyclopentolate dose
0.5%
1%
Mechanism of cyclopentolate
Parasympathetic inhibition (anticholinergic)
Dilates the pupil as prevents iris sphincter muscle from contracting and ciliary muscle accommodation
Contraindications for atropine drops
Hypertension
Untreated acute angle closure glaucoma
Length of action of cyclopentolate drops
Takes effect in 25 - 75 mins
Recovery over 6 - 24 hours
Contraindications for cyclopentolate drops
Untreated acute angle closure glaucoma
Allergy
Tropicamide dose
1%
Tropicamide mechanism of action
Parasympathetic inhibition (anticholinergic)
Dilates the pupil as prevents iris sphincter muscle from contracting and ciliary muscle accommodation
Phenylephrine drops
2.5%
10%
Mechanism of action of phenylephrine
Sympathetic agonist
Stimulates iris dilator muscle
Lenght of time for phenylephrine
3 - 6 hours
Length of time for tropicamide
Takes effect in 15 - 20 mins
Recovery over 4 - 8 hours
Contraindications for tropicamide
Untreated acute angle closure glaucoma
Allergy
Contraindications for phenylephrine
Avoid in children
Side effects of atropine drops
Redness of face
Warm to touch
Side effects of drops
Whitening of sclera - wears off
Sting eyes for a few seconds
Cannot drive until eye sight returns from blurriness
Advice on how to take drops
Wash hands
Use of fluorescein drops
Highlight defects in the cornea
Assess tear drainage
Mechanism of action of fluorescein
Temporary stain
Fluorescein length of time
6 - 12 hours
Side effects of fluorescien
Stains clothes and skin
May discolour contact lenses
