Eye anatomy

Question 1

What is the vitreous chamber (posterior cavity) filled with?

Answer 1

Vitreous humour

Question 2

Where is the anterior chamber

Answer 2

Between the cornea and the iris

Question 3

Where is the posterior chamber

Answer 3

Between the lens and the iris

Question 4

What are the chambers filled with

Answer 4

Aqueous humour

Question 5

Purpose of aqueous humour

Answer 5

Supplies nutrients to the anterior cavity components

Question 6

Where is aqueous humour produced?

Answer 6

Produced by the capillary network within the ciliary body

Question 7

Where does the aqueous humour flow from?

Answer 7

Flows from the ciliary body, around the lens and under the iris, through the anterior chamber, through the trabecular meshwork and into the canal of Schlemm.

From the canal of Schlemm it eventually enters the general circulation.

Question 8

Macula layers

Answer 8

Choroid layer
Bruch’s membrane
Retinal pigment epithelium
Photoreceptors

Question 9

Choroid layer

Answer 9

Contains blood vessels that provide the blood supply to the macula

Question 10

Role of iris

Answer 10

Pigmented layer that colours the eyes

Controls size of pupil

Question 11

Primary refractive structures

Answer 11

Bend incoming light to focus the image on the retina

• Lens
• Cornea

Question 12

Uvea componenets

Answer 12

Iris - anterior

Ciliary body - intermediate

Choroid - posterior

Question 13

Fovea

Answer 13

Aspect of retina which contains only cone cells

Question 14

Walls of eyeball

Answer 14

1. Fibrous sclera and cornea
2. Uvea
3. Retina

Question 15

Purpose of retina

Answer 15

Contains rods and cone cells

Question 16

Suspensory ligaments

Answer 16

Connect the ciliary body to the lens

Question 17

Role of ciliary body

Answer 17

Controls shape of lens

Produces aqueous humour

Question 18

What separates the anterior and posterior cavity

Answer 18

Lens

Question 19

Parts of the anterior cavity

Answer 19

Anterior and posterior chamber

Question 20

2 muscles in the iris

Answer 20

Sphincter muscles

Dilator muscles

Question 21

Innervation to the muscles in the iris

Answer 21

Sphincter muscles - parasympathetic - constriction

Dilator muscles - sympathetic - dilation

Question 22

Lens

Answer 22

Elastic structure consisting of transient fibres

Question 23

Accommodation

Answer 23

Ability to adjust the strength of the lens - constriction/ dilation dependent of ciliary muscles

Question 24

Near source accommodation

Answer 24

Parasympathetic nerve causes the ciliary muscles to constrict using the sphincter muscles which tightens the lens and causes light to refract more

Question 25

Cornea

Answer 25

Anterior aspect of the sclera that covers the iris

Transparent layer

Controls light refraction

Question 26

Pupil

Answer 26

Gap in the lens that controls the amount of light entering the eye to the retina

Question 27

Sclera

Answer 27

Outer most structure of eye, keeps shape and protects eye

Question 28

Optic nerve

Answer 28

Optic fibres coalesce at the optic disc to form the optic nerve

Question 29

Retina

Answer 29

Where the rod cells and cone cells lie, converts light into action potentials to transmit via the optic nerve

Question 30

What lies behind the orbit

Answer 30

ICA

Question 31

What lies directly superior to the frontal sinus

Answer 31

Frontal lobe

Question 32

Where does the lacrimal glands sit

Answer 32

Lacrimal groove

Question 33

What does the lacrimal sac do

Answer 33

Drain tears into the inferior turbinate