Eye anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the vitreous chamber (posterior cavity) filled with?

A

Vitreous humour

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2
Q

Where is the anterior chamber

A

Between the cornea and the iris

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3
Q

Where is the posterior chamber

A

Between the lens and the iris

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4
Q

What are the chambers filled with

A

Aqueous humour

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5
Q

Purpose of aqueous humour

A

Supplies nutrients to the anterior cavity components

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6
Q

Where is aqueous humour produced?

A

Produced by the capillary network within the ciliary body

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7
Q

Where does the aqueous humour flow from?

A

Flows from the ciliary body, around the lens and under the iris, through the anterior chamber, through the trabecular meshwork and into the canal of Schlemm.

From the canal of Schlemm it eventually enters the general circulation.

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8
Q

Macula layers

A

Choroid layer
Bruch’s membrane
Retinal pigment epithelium
Photoreceptors

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9
Q

Choroid layer

A

Contains blood vessels that provide the blood supply to the macula

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10
Q

Role of iris

A

Pigmented layer that colours the eyes

Controls size of pupil

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11
Q

Primary refractive structures

A

Bend incoming light to focus the image on the retina

  • Lens
  • Cornea
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12
Q

Uvea componenets

A

Iris - anterior

Ciliary body - intermediate

Choroid - posterior

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13
Q

Fovea

A

Aspect of retina which contains only cone cells

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14
Q

Walls of eyeball

A
  1. Fibrous sclera and cornea
  2. Uvea
  3. Retina
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15
Q

Purpose of retina

A

Contains rods and cone cells

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16
Q

Suspensory ligaments

A

Connect the ciliary body to the lens

17
Q

Role of ciliary body

A

Controls shape of lens

Produces aqueous humour

18
Q

What separates the anterior and posterior cavity

19
Q

Parts of the anterior cavity

A

Anterior and posterior chamber

20
Q

2 muscles in the iris

A

Sphincter muscles

Dilator muscles

21
Q

Innervation to the muscles in the iris

A

Sphincter muscles - parasympathetic - constriction

Dilator muscles - sympathetic - dilation

22
Q

Lens

A

Elastic structure consisting of transient fibres

23
Q

Accommodation

A

Ability to adjust the strength of the lens - constriction/ dilation dependent of ciliary muscles

24
Q

Near source accommodation

A

Parasympathetic nerve causes the ciliary muscles to constrict using the sphincter muscles which tightens the lens and causes light to refract more

25
Cornea
Anterior aspect of the sclera that covers the iris Transparent layer Controls light refraction
26
Pupil
Gap in the lens that controls the amount of light entering the eye to the retina
27
Sclera
Outer most structure of eye, keeps shape and protects eye
28
Optic nerve
Optic fibres coalesce at the optic disc to form the optic nerve
29
Retina
Where the rod cells and cone cells lie, converts light into action potentials to transmit via the optic nerve
30
What lies behind the orbit
ICA
31
What lies directly superior to the frontal sinus
Frontal lobe
32
Where does the lacrimal glands sit
Lacrimal groove
33
What does the lacrimal sac do
Drain tears into the inferior turbinate