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2nd Year > Eye and Ear anatomy > Flashcards

Eye and Ear anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What 7 bones form the orbit

A 
Ethmoid
Lacrimal 
Palatine
Maxilla
Zygomatic 
Frontal 
Sphenoid
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2
Q

What passes through the optic foramen

A

Optic nerve

Ophthalmic artery

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3
Q

What passes through the Superior Orbital Fissure

A 
IV nerve 
VI nerve 
Ophthalmic division of V nerve 
III nerve 
ophthalmic veins
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4
Q

What passes through the Inferior orbital fissure

A

Maxillary division of V nerve

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5
Q

What air sinus are in close proximity to the walls of the orbit

A

Frontal sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Maxillary sinus

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6
Q

What are the main contents of the orbit

A 
Eyeball 
Extrinsic ocular muscles 
Ligaments supporting the eye 
Branches of ophthalmic artery 
The lacrimal apparatus 
Blood vessels
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7
Q

The eye: what is in the outer fibrous layer

A
  1. Sclera
  2. Cornea
    Complete layer
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8
Q

The eye: what is in the middle vascular layer

A
  1. Choroid
  2. Ciliary body
  3. Iris
    It is incomplete anteriorly
    Anterior aperture in the iris is the pupil
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9
Q

The eye: What is in the Inner sensory layer

A

Retina

Present posteriorly but anteriorly it stops short just in front of equator of the eye

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10
Q

What does the crystalline lens do

A

Divides the eye into an anterior and posterior segment

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11
Q

What is the watery fluid in the anterior segment called

A

Aqueous humor

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12
Q

What is the gel in the posterior segment called

A

Vitreous humor

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13
Q

What part of the eye produces aqueous humour

A

Fibrous layer

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14
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the eye: where is the ciliaris located, what does it do, and how is it innervated

A

Location - ciliary body
Action - Accommodation
Innervation - parasympathetic via cranial nerve III

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15
Q

Where is the constrictor papillae located, what does it do, and how is it innervated

A

Location - Pupillary border of iris
Action - Constricts
Innervation - Parasympathetic via cranial nerve III

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16
Q

Where is the Dilator pupillae located, what does it do, and how is it innervated

A

Location - radially running muscle in iris
Action - Dilates
Innervation - sympathetic innervation

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17
Q

Eye movements: name the movements of the eye

A 
Elevation (looking up)
Depression (looking down)
Adduction (Looking medially)
Abduction (looking laterally) 
Intortion (towards the nose)
Extortion (away from the nose)
18
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the eye: action of the medial rectus

A

Adduction

19
Q

Action of the Lateral rectus muscle

A

Abduction

20
Q

Action of the superior recuts muscle

A

Elevation
Adduction
Intorsion

21
Q

Action of the inferior rectus muscle

A

Depression
Adduction
Extorsion

22
Q

Action of the superior oblique

A

Depression
Abduction
Intorsion

23
Q

Action of the inferior oblique

A

Extorsion
Elevation
Abduction

24
Q

Which is the only muscle that doesn’t arise from the posterior aspect of the orbit

A

Inferior oblique

25
Q

What ligaments prevent over-adduction and over-abduction o the eye

A

Medial and lateral check ligament

26
Q

What is the function of the suspensory ligament of the eye

A

Fine tune

Focus on near or distant objects

27
Q

What branch of the ICA supplies the orbit and the eye

A

opthalmic

28
Q

The Ear: 4 main structures

A
  1. tympanic membrane
  2. Malleus
  3. incus
  4. Stapes
    Auditory ossicles = Malleus, Incus and Stapes
29
Q

What type of joint is found between the ossicles

A

synovial joint

30
Q

Which ossicle is in contact with the tympanic membrane

A

malleus

31
Q

which ossicle is in contact with the oval window

A

Stapes (base attached to margins of oval window)

32
Q

Name 2 muscles that are related to the ossicles

A

Tensor tympani and stapedius

33
Q

Within which part of the temporal bone do the middle and inner ear lie

A

petrous part

34
Q

What are the bone lined chambers called within the ear

A

bony labyrinth

35
Q

What are the series of membranous chambers that are inside the bony labyrinth

A

membranous labyrinth

36
Q

What fluid lies within the bony labyrinth

A

perilymph

37
Q

What fluid lies within the membranous labyrinth

A

endolymph

38
Q

Through which foramen does the facial nerve exit the posterior cranial fossa

A

internal acoustic foramen

39
Q

Where does the facial nerve run

A

In a canal on the medial wall of the middle ear cavity

40
Q

What is the action of the Tensor tympani muscle?

A

Reduces amplitude of vibrations (tenses tympanic membrane)

41
Q

What is the action of the Stapedius muscle?

A

Reduces oscillatory range, prevents excessive movement of stapes

2nd Year (27 decks)

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